functions/Test-DbaLoginPassword.ps1

function Test-DbaLoginPassword {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
        Test-DbaLoginPassword finds any logins on SQL instance that are SQL Logins and have a password that is either null or same as the login
 
    .DESCRIPTION
        The purpose of this function is to find SQL Server logins that have no password or the same password as login. You can add your own password to check for or add them to a csv file.
        By default it will test for empty password and the same password as username.
 
    .PARAMETER SqlInstance
        The SQL Server instance you're checking logins on. You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2008 or higher.
 
    .PARAMETER SqlCredential
        Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins instead of Windows Authentication (AKA Integrated or Trusted). To use:
 
        $scred = Get-Credential, then pass $scred object to the -SqlCredential parameter.
 
        Windows Authentication will be used if SqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials.
 
        To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user.
 
    .PARAMETER Dictionary
        Specifies a list of passwords to include in the test for weak passwords.
 
    .PARAMETER Login
        The login(s) to process.
 
    .PARAMETER InputObject
        Allows piping from Get-DbaLogin.
 
    .PARAMETER EnableException
        By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message.
        This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting.
        Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch.
 
    .NOTES
        Tags: Login, Security
        Author: Peter Samuelsson
 
        Website: https://dbatools.io
        Copyright: (c) 2018 by dbatools, licensed under MIT
        License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
 
    .LINK
        https://dbatools.io/Test-DbaLoginPassword
 
    .EXAMPLE
        PS C:\> Test-DbaLoginPassword -SqlInstance Dev01
 
        Test all SQL logins that the password is null or same as username on SQL server instance Dev01
 
    .EXAMPLE
        PS C:\> Test-DbaLoginPassword -SqlInstance Dev01 -Login sqladmin
 
        Test the 'sqladmin' SQL login that the password is null or same as username on SQL server instance Dev01
 
    .EXAMPLE
        PS C:\> Test-DbaLoginPassword -SqlInstance Dev01 -Dictionary Test1,test2
 
        Test all SQL logins that the password is null, same as username or Test1,Test2 on SQL server instance Dev0
 
    .EXAMPLE
        PS C:\> Get-DbaLogin -SqlInstance "sql2017","sql2016" | Test-DbaLoginPassword
 
        Test all logins on sql2017 and sql2016
 
    .EXAMPLE
        PS C:\> $servers | Get-DbaLogin | Out-GridView -PassThru | Test-DbaLoginPassword
 
        Test selected logins on all servers in the $servers variable
 
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer", "SqlServers")]
        [DbaInstanceParameter[]]$SqlInstance,
        [PSCredential]$SqlCredential,
        [String[]]$Login,
        [String[]]$Dictionary,
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)]
        [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Login[]]$InputObject,
        [switch]$EnableException
    )

    begin {
        $CheckPasses = "''", "'@@Name'"
        if ($Dictionary) {
            $Dictionary | ForEach-Object { $CheckPasses += "'" + $psitem + "'" }
        }

        foreach ($CheckPass in $CheckPasses) {
            if ($CheckPasses.IndexOf($CheckPass) -eq 0) {
                $checks = "SELECT " + $CheckPass
            } else {
                $checks += "
        UNION SELECT "
 + $CheckPass
            }
        }

        $sql = "DECLARE @WeakPwdList TABLE(WeakPwd NVARCHAR(255))
            --Define weak password list
            --Use @@Name if users password contain their name
            INSERT INTO @WeakPwdList(WeakPwd)
            $checks
 
            SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('MachineName') AS [ComputerName],
                ISNULL(SERVERPROPERTY('InstanceName'), 'MSSQLSERVER') AS InstanceName,
                SERVERPROPERTY('ServerName') AS [SqlInstance],
                SysLogins.name as SqlLogin,
                WeakPassword = 'True',
                REPLACE(WeakPassword.WeakPwd,'@@Name',SysLogins.name) As [Password],
                SysLogins.is_disabled as Disabled,
                SysLogins.create_date as CreatedDate,
                SysLogins.modify_date as ModifiedDate,
                SysLogins.default_database_name as DefaultDatabase
            FROM sys.sql_logins SysLogins
            INNER JOIN @WeakPwdList WeakPassword ON (PWDCOMPARE(WeakPassword.WeakPwd, password_hash) = 1
                OR PWDCOMPARE(REPLACE(WeakPassword.WeakPwd,'@@Name',SysLogins.name),password_hash) = 1)"

    }
    process {
        foreach ($instance in $SqlInstance) {
            try {
                $server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $instance -SqlCredential $sqlcredential -MinimumVersion 10
                Write-Message -Message "Connected to: $instance." -Level Verbose
            } catch {
                Stop-Function -Message "Failure" -Category ConnectionError -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $instance -Continue
            }
            $InputObject += Get-DbaLogin -SqlInstance $server -Login $Login
        }

        $logins += $InputObject
    }
    end {
        $servers = $logins | Select-Object -Unique -ExpandProperty Parent
        $names = $logins | Select-Object -Unique -ExpandProperty Name

        foreach ($serverinstance in $servers) {
            Write-Message -Level Debug -Message "Executing $sql"
            Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Testing: same username as Password"
            Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Testing: the following Passwords $CheckPasses"
            try {
                $serverinstance.Query("$sql") | Where-Object SqlLogin -in $names
            } catch {
                Stop-Function -Message "Failure" -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $serverinstance -Continue
            }
        }
    }
}