Analyze/tests/16-DataAnalytics.ps1
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#Data and analytics: Azure Databricks, Synapse Analytics and Data Factory $databricksType = @('Microsoft.Databricks/workspaces') Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-DBX-001' Title = 'Databricks workspaces are deployed in a customer-managed virtual network' Category = 'Network security' Service = 'Azure Databricks' Severity = 'Medium' Description = 'Checks for VNet injection (customVirtualNetworkId) of Databricks workspaces.' Rationale = 'VNet injection places cluster nodes in your own network, where NSGs, firewalls, private endpoints and flow logs control and record their traffic.' Remediation = 'Deploy the workspace with VNet injection into dedicated host and container subnets (requires a new workspace).' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/classic/vnet-inject') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = @('NS-1', 'NS-2'); CIS = '2.1.1' } Policy = @{ '9c25c9e4-ee12-4882-afd2-11fb9d87893f' = 'Azure Databricks Workspaces should be in a virtual network' } ResourceTypes = $databricksType Evaluate = { param($Record) $vnet = $Record.resource.properties.parameters.customVirtualNetworkId.value if ($vnet) { return New-Pass 'VNet injected' ([ordered]@{ customVirtualNetworkId = $vnet }) } New-Fail 'Managed (Databricks) virtual network' ([ordered]@{ customVirtualNetworkId = $null }) } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-DBX-006' Title = 'Databricks subnets are associated with a network security group' Category = 'Network security' Service = 'Azure Databricks' Severity = 'Medium' Description = 'Checks the host and container subnets of VNet injected Databricks workspaces for an associated network security group. Workspaces on the Databricks managed virtual network are not applicable: Databricks manages their NSGs.' Rationale = 'Databricks cluster nodes run customer code. Without an NSG on their subnets, that code can reach every address in the virtual network and its peers.' Remediation = 'Associate the Databricks required NSG with both the host (public) and container (private) subnet of the workspace; Databricks manages the required rules within it.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/classic/vnet-inject') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = 'NS-1'; CIS = '2.1.2' } ResourceTypes = $databricksType Evaluate = { param($Record) $parameters = $Record.resource.properties.parameters $vnetId = $parameters.customVirtualNetworkId.value if (-not $vnetId) { return New-NotApplicable 'Workspace uses the Databricks managed virtual network, whose NSGs are managed by Databricks' } $vnet = Get-AzResourceRecord $vnetId if (-not $vnet) { return New-Unknown "The injected virtual network $vnetId was not collected (it may live in another subscription)" ([ordered]@{ customVirtualNetworkId = $vnetId }) } $names = @($parameters.customPublicSubnetName.value, $parameters.customPrivateSubnetName.value) | Where-Object { $_ } $subnets = @($vnet.resource.properties.subnets | Where-Object { $_ -and (-not $names.Count -or $_.name -in $names) }) if (-not $subnets) { return New-Unknown 'The Databricks subnets were not found in the injected virtual network' ([ordered]@{ customVirtualNetworkId = $vnetId; subnetNames = $names }) } $without = @($subnets | Where-Object { -not $_.properties.networkSecurityGroup.id } | ForEach-Object name | Sort-Object) $evidence = [ordered]@{ virtualNetwork = $vnet.resource.name; subnets = @($subnets | ForEach-Object name | Sort-Object); subnetsWithoutNsg = $without } if ($without) { return New-Fail "Databricks subnet(s) without a network security group: $($without -join ', ')" $evidence } New-Pass 'All Databricks subnets have a network security group' $evidence } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-DBX-002' Title = "Databricks clusters have no public IP addresses" Category = 'Network security' Service = 'Azure Databricks' Severity = 'High' Description = "Checks the 'No Public IP' (secure cluster connectivity) setting of Databricks workspaces." Rationale = 'Without secure cluster connectivity every cluster node gets a public IP address and open inbound ports.' Remediation = 'Enable secure cluster connectivity (No Public IP) on the workspace.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/classic/secure-cluster-connectivity') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = 'NS-2'; CIS = '2.1.9' } Policy = @{ '51c1490f-3319-459c-bbbc-7f391bbed753' = 'Azure Databricks Clusters should disable public IP' } ResourceTypes = $databricksType Evaluate = { param($Record) $value = $Record.resource.properties.parameters.enableNoPublicIp.value if ($value -eq $true) { return New-Pass 'No public IP addresses' ([ordered]@{ enableNoPublicIp = $true }) } New-Fail 'Cluster nodes get public IP addresses' ([ordered]@{ enableNoPublicIp = $value }) } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-DBX-003' Title = 'Databricks workspaces disable public network access' Category = 'Network security' Service = 'Azure Databricks' Severity = 'Medium' Description = 'Checks the public network access setting of Databricks workspaces.' Rationale = 'A public workspace (web UI and REST API) can be reached with stolen tokens or credentials from anywhere.' Remediation = 'Configure front-end private link and set public network access to Disabled.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/front-end/front-end-private-connect') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = 'NS-2'; CIS = '2.1.10'; ALZ = 'Deny-Public-Endpoints' } Policy = @{ '0e7849de-b939-4c50-ab48-fc6b0f5eeba2' = 'Azure Databricks Workspaces should disable public network access' } ResourceTypes = $databricksType Evaluate = { param($Record) $value = $Record.resource.properties.publicNetworkAccess if ($value -eq 'Disabled') { return New-Pass 'Public network access disabled' ([ordered]@{ publicNetworkAccess = $value }) } New-Fail 'Public network access enabled' ([ordered]@{ publicNetworkAccess = $value }) } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-DBX-004' Title = 'Databricks workspaces are accessed through private endpoints' Category = 'Network security' Service = 'Azure Databricks' Severity = 'Low' Description = 'Checks Databricks workspaces for an approved private endpoint connection.' Rationale = 'Private endpoints keep workspace and back-end traffic on private networks and enable disabling public access.' Remediation = 'Create front-end and back-end private endpoints for the workspace.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/security/network/classic/private-link') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = 'NS-2'; CIS = '2.1.11' } Policy = @{ '258823f2-4595-4b52-b333-cc96192710d8' = 'Azure Databricks Workspaces should use private link' } ResourceTypes = $databricksType Evaluate = { param($Record) $connections = @($Record.resource.properties.privateEndpointConnections) + @(Get-Child $Record 'privateEndpointConnections') | Where-Object { $_ -and $_.properties.privateLinkServiceConnectionState.status -eq 'Approved' } $count = @($connections | ForEach-Object id | Sort-Object -Unique).Count if ($count) { return New-Pass "$count private endpoint(s)" ([ordered]@{ approvedPrivateEndpoints = $count }) } New-Fail 'No private endpoint' ([ordered]@{ approvedPrivateEndpoints = 0 }) } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-DBX-005' Title = 'Databricks diagnostic log delivery is configured' Category = 'Logging and threat detection' Service = 'Azure Databricks' Severity = 'Medium' Description = 'Checks Databricks workspaces for a diagnostic setting that exports resource logs.' Rationale = 'Databricks audit logs record logins, notebook and job activity, secret access and permission changes; without them misuse of the workspace goes unnoticed.' Remediation = 'Create a diagnostic setting with all log categories to a Log Analytics workspace (requires the Premium tier).' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/databricks/admin/account-settings/audit-log-delivery') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = 'LT-3'; CIS = '2.1.7'; ALZ = 'Deploy-Diag-LogsCat' } Policy = @{ '138ff14d-b687-4faa-a81c-898c91a87fa2' = 'Resource logs in Azure Databricks Workspaces should be enabled' } ResourceTypes = $databricksType Evaluate = { param($Record) if ($null -eq $Record.diagnosticSettings) { return New-Unknown 'Diagnostic settings could not be read' } if (Test-DiagnosticLogsEnabled -Settings $Record.diagnosticSettings) { return New-Pass 'Resource logs exported' } New-Fail 'No diagnostic log delivery' } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-SYN-001' Title = 'Synapse workspaces use a managed virtual network with data exfiltration protection' Category = 'Network security' Service = 'Synapse Analytics' Severity = 'Medium' Description = 'Checks for the managed workspace virtual network with data exfiltration protection (outbound only to approved tenants).' Rationale = 'Without exfiltration protection, Spark and pipeline code can send workspace data to any external destination or tenant.' Remediation = 'Create the workspace with a managed virtual network and data exfiltration protection enabled (requires a new workspace), and list the approved tenants.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics/security/workspace-data-exfiltration-protection') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = @('NS-2', 'DP-2'); ALZ = 'Enforce-GR-Synapse0' } Policy = @{ '2d9dbfa3-927b-4cf0-9d0f-08747f971650' = 'Managed workspace virtual network on Azure Synapse workspaces should be enabled'; '3484ce98-c0c5-4c83-994b-c5ac24785218' = 'Azure Synapse workspaces should allow outbound data traffic only to approved targets' } ResourceTypes = @('Microsoft.Synapse/workspaces') Evaluate = { param($Record) $p = $Record.resource.properties $evidence = [ordered]@{ managedVirtualNetwork = $p.managedVirtualNetwork; preventDataExfiltration = [bool]$p.managedVirtualNetworkSettings.preventDataExfiltration } if ($p.managedVirtualNetwork -and $p.managedVirtualNetworkSettings.preventDataExfiltration) { return New-Pass 'Managed virtual network with exfiltration protection' $evidence } New-Fail $(if (-not $p.managedVirtualNetwork) { 'No managed virtual network' } else { 'Data exfiltration protection disabled' }) $evidence } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-ADF-001' Title = 'Data Factory linked services keep secrets in Key Vault' Category = 'Identity management' Service = 'Data Factory' Severity = 'Medium' Description = 'Finds linked services that store credentials in the factory (SecureString) instead of referencing Key Vault or using managed identity.' Rationale = 'Credentials stored in Data Factory are not centrally rotated or audited and are available to every factory contributor through the linked service.' Remediation = 'Use managed identity authentication where the connector supports it, otherwise store the secret in Key Vault and reference it with an AzureKeyVaultSecret.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/store-credentials-in-key-vault') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = @('DP-6', 'IM-8'); WAF = 'SE:09'; ALZ = 'Enforce-GR-DataFactory0' } Policy = @{ '127ef6d7-242f-43b3-9eef-947faf1725d0' = 'Azure Data Factory linked services should use Key Vault for storing secrets' } ResourceTypes = @('Microsoft.DataFactory/factories') Evaluate = { param($Record) if (-not (Test-ChildCollected $Record 'linkedservices')) { return New-Unknown 'Linked services could not be listed' } $stored = @(Get-Child $Record 'linkedservices' | Where-Object { $_ -and (($_.properties.typeProperties | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 20 -Compress) -match '"type":"SecureString"') } | ForEach-Object name | Sort-Object) $evidence = [ordered]@{ linkedServicesWithStoredSecrets = $stored } if ($stored) { return New-Fail "Linked service(s) with stored secrets: $($stored -join ', ')" $evidence } New-Pass 'No secrets stored in linked services' $evidence } } Add-AzTest @{ Id = 'AZ-ADF-002' Title = 'Data Factory uses Git integration' Category = 'Posture and vulnerability management' Service = 'Data Factory' Severity = 'Low' Description = 'Checks for a Git repository configuration on data factories.' Rationale = 'Git integration gives version history, review and controlled promotion of pipeline changes, instead of direct live edits that are hard to audit.' Remediation = 'Connect the development factory to Azure DevOps or GitHub and deploy to production through CI/CD.' References = @('https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/data-factory/source-control') Frameworks = @{ MCSB = @('PV-2', 'DS-6') } Policy = @{ '77d40665-3120-4348-b539-3192ec808307' = 'Azure Data Factory should use a Git repository for source control' } ResourceTypes = @('Microsoft.DataFactory/factories') Evaluate = { param($Record) $repo = $Record.resource.properties.repoConfiguration if ($repo) { return New-Pass "Git integration ($($repo.type))" ([ordered]@{ repositoryType = $repo.type }) } New-Fail 'No Git integration' ([ordered]@{ repositoryType = $null }) } } |