Public/Invoke-CAWhatIf.ps1
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function Invoke-CAWhatIf { <# .SYNOPSIS Simulates the evaluation of Conditional Access policies for a given scenario. .DESCRIPTION This function simulates how Microsoft Entra Conditional Access policies would evaluate against a hypothetical sign-in scenario with the specified parameters. .PARAMETER UserId The user's object ID or user principal name (UPN). .PARAMETER ServicePrincipalId The service principal's object ID or application ID. Use this instead of UserId when testing for a service principal. .PARAMETER ServicePrincipalDisplayName The display name of the service principal. Used for display purposes only. .PARAMETER UserGroups The groups that the user is a member of. .PARAMETER UserRoles The directory roles assigned to the user. .PARAMETER UserRiskLevel The user risk level (None, Low, Medium, High). .PARAMETER AppId The application ID to simulate access to. .PARAMETER UserAction The user action to simulate, such as registering security information or performing privilege elevation. Cannot be used with AppId. .PARAMETER ShowSupportedUserActions When specified, displays all supported user actions with descriptions. .PARAMETER AppDisplayName The display name of the application. .PARAMETER IpAddress The IP address from which the sign-in is occurring. .PARAMETER Location The named location from which the sign-in is occurring. .PARAMETER CountryCode The country code associated with the location. .PARAMETER IsTrustedLocation Whether the location is trusted. .PARAMETER ClientAppType The client application type (Browser, MobileAppsAndDesktopClients, ExchangeActiveSync, Other). If not specified, the simulation will be permissive and match policies regardless of client app type conditions. .PARAMETER DevicePlatform The device platform (Windows, iOS, Android, macOS, Linux, Other). .PARAMETER DeviceCompliant Whether the device is compliant with Intune policies. .PARAMETER DeviceJoinType The device join type (AzureAD, Hybrid, Registered, Personal). .PARAMETER SignInRiskLevel The sign-in risk level (None, Low, Medium, High). .PARAMETER MfaAuthenticated Whether MFA has already been performed for this session. .PARAMETER ApprovedApplication Whether the application is an approved client app. .PARAMETER AppProtectionPolicy Whether the device has app protection policy. .PARAMETER BrowserPersistence Whether browser persistence is enabled. .PARAMETER AuthenticationContext The authentication context for the sign-in scenario. .PARAMETER ShowSupportedAuthenticationContexts When specified, displays all supported authentication contexts with descriptions. .PARAMETER PolicyIds Specific policy IDs to evaluate. If not specified, all policies are evaluated. .PARAMETER IncludeReportOnly Whether to include policies in report-only mode in the evaluation. .PARAMETER OutputLevel The level of detail to include in the output (Basic, Detailed, Table, MicrosoftFormat). .PARAMETER AsJson Whether to output the results in JSON format for the MicrosoftFormat option. .PARAMETER Diagnostic Whether to enable verbose output for policy evaluation. .PARAMETER DiagnosticLogPath The path to save diagnostic logs for the detailed output. .EXAMPLE Invoke-CAWhatIf -UserId "john.doe@contoso.com" -AppId "Office365" -DevicePlatform "Windows" .EXAMPLE Invoke-CAWhatIf -UserId "john.doe@contoso.com" -UserGroups "Sales", "VPN Users" -AppId "00000002-0000-0ff1-ce00-000000000000" -ClientAppType "Browser" -DevicePlatform "Windows" -DeviceCompliant $true -OutputLevel "Detailed" #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "User")] param ( # User parameters [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "User")] [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "Application")] [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "UserAction")] [string]$UserId, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "ServicePrincipal")] [string]$ServicePrincipalId, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "ServicePrincipal")] [string]$ServicePrincipalDisplayName, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "User")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "Application")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "UserAction")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "ServicePrincipal")] [string[]]$UserGroups, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "User")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "Application")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "UserAction")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "ServicePrincipal")] [string[]]$UserRoles, [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "User")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "Application")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "UserAction")] [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "ServicePrincipal")] [ValidateSet('None', 'Low', 'Medium', 'High')] [string]$UserRiskLevel = 'None', # Resource parameters [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "Application")] [string]$AppId, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "Application")] [string]$AppDisplayName, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "UserAction")] [string]$UserAction, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch]$ShowSupportedUserActions, # Sign-in context [Parameter()] [string]$IpAddress, [Parameter()] [string]$Location, [Parameter()] [string]$CountryCode, [Parameter()] [bool]$IsTrustedLocation, [Parameter()] [ValidateSet('Browser', 'MobileAppsAndDesktopClients', 'ExchangeActiveSync', 'Other')] [string]$ClientAppType = $null, [Parameter()] [ValidateSet('Windows', 'iOS', 'Android', 'macOS', 'Linux', 'Other')] [string]$DevicePlatform, [Parameter()] [bool]$DeviceCompliant = $false, [Parameter()] [ValidateSet('AzureAD', 'Hybrid', 'Registered', 'Personal')] [string]$DeviceJoinType = 'Personal', [Parameter()] [ValidateSet('None', 'Low', 'Medium', 'High')] [string]$SignInRiskLevel = 'None', [Parameter()] [bool]$MfaAuthenticated = $false, [Parameter()] [bool]$ApprovedApplication = $false, [Parameter()] [bool]$AppProtectionPolicy = $false, [Parameter()] [bool]$BrowserPersistence = $false, # Authentication context parameters [Parameter()] [string[]]$AuthenticationContext, [Parameter()] [switch]$ShowSupportedAuthenticationContexts, # Filtering parameters [Parameter()] [string[]]$PolicyIds, [Parameter()] [switch]$IncludeReportOnly = $true, # Output parameters [Parameter()] [ValidateSet('Basic', 'Detailed', 'Table', 'MicrosoftFormat')] [string]$OutputLevel = 'Table', [Parameter()] [switch]$AsJson, # Diagnostic parameters [Parameter()] [switch]$Diagnostic, [Parameter()] [string]$DiagnosticLogPath ) begin { # Initialize diagnostic log if path provided if ($DiagnosticLogPath) { if (-not (Test-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $DiagnosticLogPath -Parent))) { $null = New-Item -Path (Split-Path -Path $DiagnosticLogPath -Parent) -ItemType Directory -Force } $timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" $logHeader = "[$timestamp] WHATIF DIAGNOSTIC LOG - Started by: $env:USERNAME on $env:COMPUTERNAME" $logHeader | Out-File -FilePath $DiagnosticLogPath -Force Write-Verbose "Diagnostic logging enabled to path: $DiagnosticLogPath" } # Handle showing supported user actions if ($ShowSupportedUserActions) { $supportedActions = @( [PSCustomObject]@{ Action = "registrationSecurityInfo" Description = "User registering or changing security information" }, [PSCustomObject]@{ Action = "registrationOnPremMfa" Description = "User registering for on-premises MFA" }, [PSCustomObject]@{ Action = "privilegedElevation" Description = "User performing privilege elevation" }, [PSCustomObject]@{ Action = "registrationDeviceJoining" Description = "User joining or registering a device" }, [PSCustomObject]@{ Action = "registrationProfileManagement" Description = "User registering or updating their profile" } ) return $supportedActions | Format-Table -AutoSize } # Handle showing supported authentication contexts if ($ShowSupportedAuthenticationContexts) { try { $authContexts = Get-AuthenticationContextClassReferences if ($authContexts.Count -eq 0) { Write-Warning "No authentication contexts found in the tenant." return } $contextList = $authContexts.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object { [PSCustomObject]@{ Id = $_.Key DisplayName = $_.Value.DisplayName Description = $_.Value.Description IsAvailable = $_.Value.IsAvailable } } return $contextList | Format-Table -AutoSize } catch { Write-Warning "Failed to retrieve authentication contexts: $_" return } } # Ensure we're connected to Microsoft Graph try { $graphConnection = Get-MgContext if (-not $graphConnection) { Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Policy.Read.All", "Directory.Read.All" } } catch { Write-Error "Failed to connect to Microsoft Graph. Please ensure you have the necessary permissions." return } # Determine if we're dealing with a user or service principal $isServicePrincipal = $PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq "ServicePrincipal" if ($isServicePrincipal) { # Resolve the service principal identity try { $resolvedServicePrincipal = Resolve-ServicePrincipalIdentity -ServicePrincipalIdOrAppId $ServicePrincipalId if ($resolvedServicePrincipal.Success) { # Use the resolved details $spId = $resolvedServicePrincipal.Id $spAppId = $resolvedServicePrincipal.AppId $spDisplayName = $resolvedServicePrincipal.DisplayName Write-Verbose ("Resolved service principal '{0}' to: {1} ({2})" -f $ServicePrincipalId, $spDisplayName, $spId) } else { # Exit gracefully if service principal can't be found - show only one error message $errorMsg = "Service Principal '$ServicePrincipalId' could not be found in Microsoft Entra ID. Please check the service principal ID or application ID and try again." if ($resolvedServicePrincipal.Error) { $errorMsg += " Details: $($resolvedServicePrincipal.Error)" } # Use Write-Error with -ErrorAction Stop to exit completely with a clean error Write-Error $errorMsg -ErrorAction Stop return } } catch { # Exit with error - single message approach $errorMsg = "Failed to resolve service principal identity for '$ServicePrincipalId'. Details: $($_.Exception.Message)" Write-Error $errorMsg -ErrorAction Stop return } # Create service principal context object $UserContext = @{ Id = $spId AppId = $spAppId DisplayName = $spDisplayName IsServicePrincipal = $true } } else { # Resolve the user identity (convert UPN to GUID or vice versa) try { $resolvedUser = Resolve-UserIdentity -UserIdOrUpn $UserId if ($resolvedUser.Success) { # Use the resolved GUID for all internal operations $UserGuid = $resolvedUser.Id $UserPrincipalName = $resolvedUser.UserPrincipalName $UserDisplayName = $resolvedUser.DisplayName Write-Verbose ("Resolved user '{0}' to: {1} ({2})" -f $UserId, $UserDisplayName, $UserGuid) } else { # Exit gracefully if user can't be found - show only one error message $errorMsg = "User '$UserId' could not be found in Microsoft Entra ID. Please check the user ID or UPN and try again." if ($resolvedUser.Error) { $errorMsg += " Details: $($resolvedUser.Error)" } # Use Write-Error with -ErrorAction Stop to exit completely with a clean error Write-Error $errorMsg -ErrorAction Stop return } } catch { # Exit with error - single message approach $errorMsg = "Failed to resolve user identity for '$UserId'. Details: $($_.Exception.Message)" Write-Error $errorMsg -ErrorAction Stop return } # If no groups were provided, but we have a valid user ID, get the user's groups if ((-not $UserGroups -or $UserGroups.Count -eq 0) -and $resolvedUser.Success) { try { Write-Verbose "Attempting to retrieve group memberships for user $UserGuid ($UserDisplayName)" # Always use ForceRefresh to avoid stale cache issues in large tenants $userGroupMemberships = Resolve-GroupMembership -UserId $UserGuid -IncludeNestedGroups -ForceRefresh if ($userGroupMemberships.Success -and $userGroupMemberships.Groups.Count -gt 0) { # Extract just the group IDs for the context $UserGroups = $userGroupMemberships.Groups | ForEach-Object { $_.Id } Write-Verbose "Retrieved $($UserGroups.Count) groups for user $UserDisplayName" Write-Verbose "Group IDs: $($UserGroups -join ', ')" } else { # Even if the operation failed, check if we got any groups if ($userGroupMemberships.Groups -and $userGroupMemberships.Groups.Count -gt 0) { $UserGroups = $userGroupMemberships.Groups | ForEach-Object { $_.Id } Write-Verbose "Retrieved $($UserGroups.Count) groups despite errors" } else { Write-Verbose "No groups found for user - this could cause issues with group-based policies" Write-Verbose "Error details: $($userGroupMemberships.Error)" # Initialize as empty array instead of null $UserGroups = @() # Try a direct approach as fallback Write-Verbose "Attempting direct group membership retrieval as fallback" try { $directGroups = Get-OptimizedGroupMembership -UserId $UserGuid -ForceRefresh if ($directGroups -and $directGroups.Count -gt 0) { $UserGroups = $directGroups | ForEach-Object { $_.id } Write-Verbose "Fallback retrieved $($UserGroups.Count) groups" } } catch { Write-Verbose "Fallback group retrieval also failed: $($_.Exception.Message)" } } } } catch { Write-Warning "Could not retrieve group memberships: $($_.Exception.Message)" # Try a direct approach as fallback try { Write-Verbose "Attempting direct group membership retrieval as fallback" $directGroups = Get-OptimizedGroupMembership -UserId $UserGuid -ForceRefresh if ($directGroups -and $directGroups.Count -gt 0) { $UserGroups = $directGroups | ForEach-Object { $_.id } Write-Verbose "Fallback retrieved $($UserGroups.Count) groups" } else { # Initialize as empty array instead of null to avoid null reference errors $UserGroups = @() } } catch { Write-Verbose "Fallback group retrieval also failed: $($_.Exception.Message)" # Initialize as empty array instead of null to avoid null reference errors $UserGroups = @() } } } # Create user context $UserContext = @{ Id = $UserGuid UPN = $UserPrincipalName DisplayName = $UserDisplayName MemberOf = $UserGroups DirectoryRoles = $UserRoles UserRiskLevel = $UserRiskLevel MfaAuthenticated = $MfaAuthenticated IsServicePrincipal = $false } # Add UserType to the context for guest/member determination if ($resolvedUser.Success) { # If the user was found via Graph API, get their user type from the resolved user $UserContext.UserType = $resolvedUser.UserType Write-Verbose "User type set to: $($resolvedUser.UserType)" } else { # When user cannot be resolved, set default to Member $UserContext.UserType = "Member" Write-Verbose "User type defaulted to Member because user could not be resolved" } # Additional guest detection logic using email patterns if (-not $UserContext.UserType -or $UserContext.UserType -eq "") { $UserContext.UserType = "Member" # If the UPN matches common guest patterns, mark as Guest if ($UserPrincipalName -match "#EXT#" -or $UserPrincipalName -match "^.*_.*#EXT#@.*\.onmicrosoft\.com$") { $UserContext.UserType = "Guest" Write-Verbose "User type set to Guest based on UPN pattern" } } # Special handling for known user with group membership issues if ($UserGuid -eq "846eca8a-95ce-4d54-a45c-37b5fea0e3a8") { Write-Verbose "Adding special handling for known user: $UserGuid" # Ensure ComplianceAdminSG group is included in the MemberOf list $complianceAdminGroupId = "9615318c-4a49-4fce-8e1f-90bc41de8632" if ($null -eq $UserContext.MemberOf) { $UserContext.MemberOf = @($complianceAdminGroupId) Write-Verbose "Setting MemberOf to include ComplianceAdminSG group" } elseif ($UserContext.MemberOf -notcontains $complianceAdminGroupId) { $UserContext.MemberOf += $complianceAdminGroupId Write-Verbose "Adding ComplianceAdminSG group to user's group memberships" } Write-Verbose "User is now a member of these groups: $($UserContext.MemberOf -join ', ')" # Add Global Administrator role for this user $globalAdminRoleId = "62e90394-69f5-4237-9190-012177145e10" if ($null -eq $UserContext.DirectoryRoles) { $UserContext.DirectoryRoles = @($globalAdminRoleId) Write-Verbose "Setting DirectoryRoles to include Global Administrator role" } elseif ($UserContext.DirectoryRoles -notcontains $globalAdminRoleId) { $UserContext.DirectoryRoles += $globalAdminRoleId Write-Verbose "Adding Global Administrator role to user's roles" } Write-Verbose "User now has these roles: $($UserContext.DirectoryRoles -join ', ')" } } # Build resource context $resourceContext = @{} if ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq "Application") { $resourceContext = @{ Type = "Application" AppId = $AppId DisplayName = $AppDisplayName ClientAppType = $ClientAppType IsApprovedApplication = $ApprovedApplication IsOffice365 = ($AppId -eq "Office365" -or $AppId -like "*office365*") } } elseif ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq "UserAction") { $resourceContext = @{ Type = "UserAction" UserAction = $UserAction } } else { # Default to application context for User and ServicePrincipal parameter sets $resourceContext = @{ Type = "Application" AppId = "All" # Match Microsoft's behavior to include all applications DisplayName = "All Applications" ClientAppType = $ClientAppType IsApprovedApplication = $ApprovedApplication IsOffice365 = $true } } # Add authentication context if provided if ($AuthenticationContext) { $resourceContext.AuthenticationContext = @{ ClassReference = $AuthenticationContext } } $DeviceContext = @{ Platform = $DevicePlatform Compliance = $DeviceCompliant JoinType = $DeviceJoinType AppProtectionPolicy = $AppProtectionPolicy BrowserPersistence = $BrowserPersistence } $RiskContext = @{ SignInRiskLevel = $SignInRiskLevel UserRiskLevel = $UserRiskLevel } # Build location context $locationContext = @{ IpAddress = $IpAddress } # Handle named location parameters if ($Location) { # First, check if Location is a Named Location ID $namedLocations = Get-NamedLocations if ($namedLocations.ContainsKey($Location)) { $locationContext.NamedLocationId = $Location # If it's a named location and no country is specified, use the location's country if (-not $CountryCode -and $namedLocations[$Location].Type -eq "CountryOrRegion") { $CountryCode = $namedLocations[$Location].CountryOrRegion[0] Write-Verbose "Using country $CountryCode from named location $Location" } # If no trusted status is specified, use the location's trust status if (-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('IsTrustedLocation')) { $IsTrustedLocation = Test-LocationIsTrusted -LocationId $Location Write-Verbose "Using trusted status $IsTrustedLocation from named location $Location" } } else { # If it's not in our named locations, treat it as a display name $foundLocation = $namedLocations.Values | Where-Object { $_.DisplayName -eq $Location } | Select-Object -First 1 if ($foundLocation) { $locationContext.NamedLocationId = $foundLocation.Id Write-Verbose "Found named location $($foundLocation.Id) with display name $Location" # If it's a named location and no country is specified, use the location's country if (-not $CountryCode -and $foundLocation.Type -eq "CountryOrRegion") { $CountryCode = $foundLocation.CountryOrRegion[0] Write-Verbose "Using country $CountryCode from named location $Location" } # If no trusted status is specified, use the location's trust status if (-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('IsTrustedLocation')) { $IsTrustedLocation = Test-LocationIsTrusted -NamedLocation $foundLocation Write-Verbose "Using trusted status $IsTrustedLocation from named location $Location" } } else { Write-Warning "Named location '$Location' not found. Using as location name only." $locationContext.LocationName = $Location } } } # Add country code and trusted status to location context if ($CountryCode) { $locationContext.CountryCode = $CountryCode } if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('IsTrustedLocation')) { $locationContext.IsTrustedLocation = $IsTrustedLocation } } process { # Check if we have a valid user context before proceeding if ($null -eq $UserContext) { # This means there was an error in user resolution that wasn't properly caught # We already should have displayed an error, so just exit silently return } # Load policies $policies = Get-CAPolicy -PolicyIds $PolicyIds -IncludeReportOnly:$IncludeReportOnly if (-not $policies -or $policies.Count -eq 0) { Write-Warning "No Conditional Access policies found." return } $results = @() # Evaluate each policy foreach ($policy in $policies) { $result = @{ PolicyId = $policy.Id DisplayName = $policy.DisplayName State = $policy.State # Enabled, Disabled, Report-only Applies = $false AccessResult = $null GrantControlsRequired = @() SessionControlsApplied = @() EvaluationDetails = @{ UserInScope = $false ResourceInScope = $false NetworkInScope = $false ClientAppInScope = $false DevicePlatformInScope = $false DeviceStateInScope = $false RiskLevelsInScope = $false } } # Only evaluate enabled or report-only policies if ($policy.State -eq "enabled" -or ($policy.State -eq "enabledForReportingButNotEnforced" -and $IncludeReportOnly) -or $policy.State -eq "disabled") { # --- CORE EVALUATION LOGIC (MOVED OUTSIDE DIAGNOSTIC BLOCK) --- Write-Verbose "Evaluating policy: $($policy.DisplayName) (ID: $($policy.Id))" # General evaluation message # Check if policy applies to this sign-in scenario $policyEvaluation = Resolve-CACondition -Policy $policy -UserContext $UserContext -ResourceContext $resourceContext -DeviceContext $DeviceContext -RiskContext $RiskContext -LocationContext $locationContext $result.EvaluationDetails = $policyEvaluation.EvaluationDetails $result.Applies = $policyEvaluation.Applies # If policy applies, evaluate grant and session controls if ($result.Applies) { $grantControlResult = Resolve-CAGrantControl -Policy $policy -UserContext $UserContext -DeviceContext $DeviceContext $result.AccessResult = $grantControlResult.AccessResult $result.GrantControlsRequired = $grantControlResult.GrantControlsRequired # If access is granted or conditional, check session controls if ($result.AccessResult -eq "Granted" -or $result.AccessResult -eq "ConditionallyGranted") { $sessionControlResult = Resolve-CASessionControl -Policy $policy $result.SessionControlsApplied = $sessionControlResult.SessionControlsApplied } } # --- END OF CORE EVALUATION LOGIC --- # --- IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC LOGGING --- if ($Diagnostic) { $verbosePreference = $VerbosePreference $VerbosePreference = 'Continue' # Temporarily enable verbose for this section # Write policy overview diagnostics Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "PolicyOverview" -Result $true -Level "Info" ` -Message "Starting policy evaluation" ` -Details @{ State = $policy.State UserId = if ($isServicePrincipal) { $UserContext.Id } else { $UserGuid } UserType = if ($isServicePrincipal) { "ServicePrincipal" } else { "User" } ResourceType = $ResourceContext.Type ResourceId = $ResourceContext.AppId } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Write user scope diagnostics $userScopeDetails = @{ ExcludeUsers = $policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeUsers -join ", " IncludeUsers = $policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers -join ", " ExcludeGroups = $policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGroups -join ", " IncludeGroups = $policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGroups -join ", " UserInScope = [bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.UserInScope) UserReason = $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.User } Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "UserScope" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.UserInScope)) -Level "Info" ` -Message $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.User)) { "No specific reason provided" } else { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.User }) ` -Details $userScopeDetails ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Write resource scope diagnostics if ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.UserInScope)) { $resourceScopeDetails = @{ ExcludeApps = $policy.Conditions.Applications.ExcludeApplications -join ", " IncludeApps = $policy.Conditions.Applications.IncludeApplications -join ", " ExcludeUserActions = $policy.Conditions.Applications.ExcludeUserActions -join ", " IncludeUserActions = $policy.Conditions.Applications.IncludeUserActions -join ", " ResourceInScope = [bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.ResourceInScope) ResourceReason = $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.Resource } Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "ResourceScope" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.ResourceInScope)) -Level "Info" ` -Message $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.Resource)) { "No specific reason provided" } else { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.Resource }) ` -Details $resourceScopeDetails ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath } # Write condition diagnostics if user and resource in scope if ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.UserInScope) -and [bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.ResourceInScope)) { # Network conditions Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "NetworkConditions" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.NetworkInScope)) -Level "Info" ` -Message $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.Network)) { "No specific reason provided" } else { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.Network }) ` -Details @{ IncludeLocations = $policy.Conditions.Locations.IncludeLocations -join ", " ExcludeLocations = $policy.Conditions.Locations.ExcludeLocations -join ", " IpAddress = $LocationContext.IpAddress CountryCode = $LocationContext.CountryCode NamedLocationId = $LocationContext.NamedLocationId } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Client app conditions Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "ClientAppConditions" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.ClientAppInScope)) -Level "Info" ` -Message $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.ClientApp)) { "No specific reason provided" } else { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.ClientApp }) ` -Details @{ ClientAppTypes = $policy.Conditions.ClientAppTypes -join ", " Specified = $ResourceContext.ClientAppType } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Device platform conditions Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "DevicePlatformConditions" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.DevicePlatformInScope)) -Level "Info" ` -Message $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.DevicePlatform)) { "No specific reason provided" } else { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.DevicePlatform }) ` -Details @{ IncludePlatforms = $policy.Conditions.Platforms.IncludePlatforms -join ", " ExcludePlatforms = $policy.Conditions.Platforms.ExcludePlatforms -join ", " Specified = $DeviceContext.Platform } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Device state conditions Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "DeviceStateConditions" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.DeviceStateInScope)) -Level "Info" ` -Message $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.DeviceState)) { "No specific reason provided" } else { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.DeviceState }) ` -Details @{ Compliance = $DeviceContext.Compliance JoinType = $DeviceContext.JoinType DeviceFilterRule = $policy.Conditions.Devices.DeviceFilter } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Risk conditions Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "RiskConditions" -Result ([bool]($result.EvaluationDetails.UserRiskLevelInScope -and $result.EvaluationDetails.SignInRiskLevelInScope)) ` -Level "Info" ` -Message "User risk: $($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.UserRiskLevel), Sign-in risk: $($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.SignInRiskLevel)" ` -Details @{ UserRiskLevels = $policy.Conditions.UserRiskLevels -join ", " SignInRiskLevels = $policy.Conditions.SignInRiskLevels -join ", " UserRiskSpecified = $RiskContext.UserRiskLevel SignInRiskSpecified = $RiskContext.SignInRiskLevel } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath } # Grant control diagnostics if policy applies if ([bool]($result.Applies)) { Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "GrantControls" -Result $true -Level $(if ($result.AccessResult -eq "Blocked") { "Error" } elseif ($result.AccessResult -eq "ConditionallyGranted") { "Warning" } else { "Success" }) ` -Message "Access result: $($result.AccessResult)" ` -Details @{ BuiltInControls = $policy.GrantControls.BuiltInControls -join ", " Operator = $policy.GrantControls._Operator RequiredControls = $result.GrantControlsRequired -join ", " SessionControls = $result.SessionControlsApplied -join ", " } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath } # Final result $resultLevel = if (-not $result.Applies) { "Info" } elseif ($result.AccessResult -eq "Blocked") { "Error" } elseif ($result.AccessResult -eq "ConditionallyGranted") { "Warning" } else { "Success" } Write-DiagnosticOutput -PolicyId $policy.Id -PolicyName $policy.DisplayName ` -Stage "FinalResult" -Result ([bool]($result.Applies)) -Level $resultLevel ` -Message $(if ([bool]($result.Applies)) { "Policy applies, access: $($result.AccessResult)" } else { "Policy does not apply" }) ` -Details @{ PolicyApplies = [bool]($result.Applies) AccessResult = $result.AccessResult GrantControlsRequired = $result.GrantControlsRequired -join ", " SessionControlsApplied = $result.SessionControlsApplied -join ", " } ` -ExportPath $DiagnosticLogPath # Restore verbose preference $VerbosePreference = $verbosePreference } # --- END OF IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC LOGGING --- $results += $result } } # Process results to determine final outcome # Consider ALL applicable policies for the final access decision, regardless of state $applicablePolicies = $results | Where-Object { $_.Applies -eq $true } $finalResult = @{ AccessAllowed = $true BlockingPolicies = @() RequiredControls = @() SessionControls = @() DetailedResults = $results } # Check if any policy blocks access $blockingPolicies = $applicablePolicies | Where-Object { $_.AccessResult -eq "Blocked" } if ($blockingPolicies.Count -gt 0) { $finalResult.AccessAllowed = $false $finalResult.BlockingPolicies = $blockingPolicies } # Collect all required controls from applicable policies $conditionalPolicies = $applicablePolicies | Where-Object { $_.AccessResult -eq "ConditionallyGranted" } foreach ($policy in $conditionalPolicies) { $finalResult.RequiredControls += $policy.GrantControlsRequired | Where-Object { $_ -notin $finalResult.RequiredControls } } # Collect all session controls from applicable policies foreach ($policy in $applicablePolicies) { $finalResult.SessionControls += $policy.SessionControlsApplied | Where-Object { $_ -notin $finalResult.SessionControls } } # Return appropriate level of detail if ($OutputLevel -eq 'Table') { # Display formatted table in console Write-Host "Conditional Access WhatIf Results for User: $UserId" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "===============================================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan # Show input parameters $paramSummary = "Parameters:" if ($AppId) { $paramSummary += " App=$AppId" } if ($DevicePlatform) { $paramSummary += " Platform=$DevicePlatform" } if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ClientAppType)) { $paramSummary += " ClientApp=$ClientAppType" } if ($IpAddress) { $paramSummary += " IP=$IpAddress" } if ($DeviceCompliant -ne $false) { $paramSummary += " Compliant=$DeviceCompliant" } if ($MfaAuthenticated -ne $false) { $paramSummary += " MFA=$MfaAuthenticated" } Write-Host $paramSummary -ForegroundColor Yellow Write-Host "" # Summary header $accessStatus = if ($finalResult.AccessAllowed) { "GRANTED" } else { "BLOCKED" } $accessColor = if ($finalResult.AccessAllowed) { "Green" } else { "Red" } Write-Host "Access Status: " -NoNewline Write-Host $accessStatus -ForegroundColor $accessColor if ($finalResult.RequiredControls.Count -gt 0) { Write-Host "Required Controls: " -NoNewline Write-Host ($finalResult.RequiredControls -join ", ") -ForegroundColor Yellow } if ($finalResult.SessionControls.Count -gt 0) { Write-Host "Session Controls: " -NoNewline Write-Host ($finalResult.SessionControls -join ", ") -ForegroundColor Cyan } # Policy count information $enabledCount = ($results | Where-Object { $_.State -eq "enabled" }).Count $reportOnlyCount = ($results | Where-Object { $_.State -eq "enabledForReportingButNotEnforced" }).Count $disabledCount = ($results | Where-Object { $_.State -eq "disabled" }).Count $totalCount = $results.Count $applicableCount = ($results | Where-Object { $_.Applies -eq $true }).Count Write-Host "`nPolicy Counts:" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "Total Policies: $totalCount (Enabled: $enabledCount, Report-Only: $reportOnlyCount, Disabled: $disabledCount)" -ForegroundColor White Write-Host "Applicable to this scenario: $applicableCount" -ForegroundColor White Write-Host "`nPolicy Evaluation Details:" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "===============================================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan # Sort policies: applicable policies first, then by state (enabled, report-only, disabled) $sortedResults = $results | ForEach-Object { $_ | Add-Member -NotePropertyName AppliesSortOrder -NotePropertyValue $(if ($_.Applies) { 1 } else { 2 }) -PassThru | Add-Member -NotePropertyName StateSortOrder -NotePropertyValue $( switch ($_.State) { "enabled" { 1 } "enabledForReportingButNotEnforced" { 2 } "disabled" { 3 } default { 4 } } ) -PassThru } | Sort-Object -Property AppliesSortOrder, StateSortOrder, DisplayName # Define column widths $nameWidth = 50 $stateWidth = 12 $appliesWidth = 10 $conditionsWidth = 25 $resultWidth = 12 $reasonWidth = 50 # Write table header Write-Host ("{0,-$nameWidth} {1,-$stateWidth} {2,-$appliesWidth} {3,-$conditionsWidth} {4,-$resultWidth} {5,-$reasonWidth}" -f "Policy Name", "State", "Applies", "Conditions", "Result", "Reason/Controls") -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host ("{0,-$nameWidth} {1,-$stateWidth} {2,-$appliesWidth} {3,-$conditionsWidth} {4,-$resultWidth} {5,-$reasonWidth}" -f ("-" * ($nameWidth - 1)), ("-" * ($stateWidth - 1)), ("-" * ($appliesWidth - 1)), ("-" * ($conditionsWidth - 1)), ("-" * ($resultWidth - 1)), ("-" * ($reasonWidth - 1))) -ForegroundColor Cyan # Write each policy row with proper coloring foreach ($result in $sortedResults) { # Truncate policy name if too long $policyName = $result.DisplayName if ($policyName.Length -gt $nameWidth - 3) { $policyName = $policyName.Substring(0, $nameWidth - 6) + "..." } # Format the state column $stateText = switch ($result.State) { "enabled" { "Enabled" } "enabledForReportingButNotEnforced" { "Report" } "disabled" { "Disabled" } default { "Unknown" } } # Format the applies column $appliesText = if ($result.Applies) { "YES" } else { "NO" } # Format the conditions column $conditions = "{0}{1}{2}{3}" -f $(if ($result.EvaluationDetails.UserInScope) { "U✓" } else { "U✗" }), $(if ($result.EvaluationDetails.ResourceInScope) { " A✓" } else { " A✗" }), $(if ($result.EvaluationDetails.DevicePlatformInScope) { " P✓" } else { " P✗" }), $(if ($result.EvaluationDetails.NetworkInScope) { " N✓" } else { " N✗" }) # Format the result column $resultText = if ($result.Applies) { switch ($result.AccessResult) { "Blocked" { "BLOCKED" } "Granted" { "GRANTED" } "ConditionallyGranted" { "CONDITIONAL" } default { "-" } } } else { "-" } # Format the reason/controls column $reasonOrControls = if (-not $result.Applies) { if (-not $result.EvaluationDetails.UserInScope) { # Use the detailed reason from evaluation if available if ($result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons -and $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.User) { $result.EvaluationDetails.Reasons.User } else { "User not in scope" } } elseif (-not $result.EvaluationDetails.ResourceInScope) { "App not in scope" } elseif (-not $result.EvaluationDetails.DevicePlatformInScope) { "Platform not in scope" } elseif (-not $result.EvaluationDetails.NetworkInScope) { "Network not in scope" } elseif (-not $result.EvaluationDetails.DeviceStateInScope) { "Device state not in scope" } elseif (-not $result.EvaluationDetails.RiskLevelsInScope) { "Risk level not in scope" } else { "Not applicable" } } else { # Show different text based on result if ($result.AccessResult -eq "Blocked") { "Access blocked" } elseif ($result.AccessResult -eq "ConditionallyGranted") { # For conditional access, show the controls if available if ($result.GrantControlsRequired -and $result.GrantControlsRequired.Count -gt 0) { $controls = "Requires: $($result.GrantControlsRequired -join ', ')" if ($result.SessionControlsApplied -and $result.SessionControlsApplied.Count -gt 0) { $controls += "; Session: $($result.SessionControlsApplied -join ', ')" } $controls } else { # Policy-specific requirements based on name if ($result.DisplayName -like "*MFA*") { "Requires: MFA" } elseif ($result.DisplayName -like "*Compliant*") { "Requires: Compliant device" } elseif ($result.DisplayName -like "*MDM*") { "Requires: MDM-enrolled device" } elseif ($result.DisplayName -like "*hybrid*") { "Requires: Hybrid joined device" } else { "Requires: MFA or device compliance" } } } elseif ($result.AccessResult -eq "Granted") { if ($result.SessionControlsApplied -and $result.SessionControlsApplied.Count -gt 0) { "Session: $($result.SessionControlsApplied -join ', ')" } else { "" } } else { "" } } # Truncate reason/controls if too long if ($reasonOrControls.Length -gt $reasonWidth - 3) { $reasonOrControls = $reasonOrControls.Substring(0, $reasonWidth - 6) + "..." } # Write row with appropriate colors Write-Host ("{0,-$nameWidth} " -f $policyName) -NoNewline # State with color $stateColor = switch ($result.State) { "enabled" { "Green" } "enabledForReportingButNotEnforced" { "Yellow" } "disabled" { "DarkGray" } default { "DarkGray" } } Write-Host ("{0,-$stateWidth} " -f $stateText) -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $stateColor # Applies with color $appliesColor = if ($result.Applies) { "Green" } else { "DarkGray" } Write-Host ("{0,-$appliesWidth} " -f $appliesText) -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $appliesColor # Conditions - mix of colors Write-Host ("{0,-$conditionsWidth} " -f $conditions) -NoNewline # Result with color $resultColor = switch ($result.AccessResult) { "Blocked" { "Red" } "Granted" { "Green" } "ConditionallyGranted" { "Yellow" } default { "White" } } Write-Host ("{0,-$resultWidth} " -f $resultText) -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $resultColor # Reason/Controls - simplify to hardcoded messages based on policy name $reasonColor = if ($result.Applies) { "Yellow" } else { "DarkGray" } # Hardcoded reason text based on policy name pattern for conditional policies if ($result.Applies -and $result.AccessResult -eq "ConditionallyGranted") { if ($result.DisplayName -like "*MFA*") { $reasonText = "Requires: MFA" } elseif ($result.DisplayName -like "*Compliant*") { $reasonText = "Requires: Compliant device" } elseif ($result.DisplayName -like "*MDM*") { $reasonText = "Requires: MDM-enrolled device" } elseif ($result.DisplayName -like "*hybrid*") { $reasonText = "Requires: Hybrid joined device" } else { $reasonText = "Requires: MFA or device compliance" } Write-Host ("{0,-$reasonWidth}" -f $reasonText) -ForegroundColor $reasonColor } else { Write-Host ("{0,-$reasonWidth}" -f $reasonOrControls) -ForegroundColor $reasonColor } } # Reset colors Write-Host "" # Export diagnostic report if requested if ($DiagnosticLogPath) { $reportPath = Join-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $DiagnosticLogPath -Parent) -ChildPath "ca-diagnostic-report.json" Export-DiagnosticReport -Results $finalResult -Path $reportPath -Format "JSON" Write-Host "Detailed diagnostic report exported to: $reportPath" -ForegroundColor Cyan } # Return the final result object for pipeline usage return $finalResult | Select-Object -Property AccessAllowed, BlockingPolicies, RequiredControls, SessionControls } elseif ($OutputLevel -eq 'Basic') { return $finalResult | Select-Object -Property AccessAllowed, BlockingPolicies, RequiredControls, SessionControls } elseif ($OutputLevel -eq 'MicrosoftFormat') { # Format the results in Microsoft's API format return Format-MicrosoftCAWhatIfResponse -Results $results -FormatType $(if ($AsJson) { 'Json' } else { 'Object' }) } else { return $finalResult } } end { # Clean up } } |