Private/Backup/Get-BackupFileMetadata.ps1
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#Requires -Version 5.1 <# .SYNOPSIS Extracts comprehensive metadata from ACL backup files for enterprise backup management .DESCRIPTION This module provides specialized functionality for extracting detailed metadata from ACL backup files, including integrity verification, environment context, and audit trail information. Designed for enterprise backup management with comprehensive compliance and governance support. BUSINESS VALUE: - Enables comprehensive backup inventory and lifecycle management - Provides detailed audit trails for compliance reporting - Supports disaster recovery planning with metadata insights - Facilitates backup governance and retention policy enforcement ENTERPRISE FEATURES: - Comprehensive metadata extraction with integrity validation - Environment context tracking for audit compliance - Performance-optimized for large backup repositories - Integration with enterprise monitoring and reporting systems - Cross-platform compatibility and secure file handling .NOTES Author: Jeffrey Stuhr Blog: https://www.techbyjeff.net LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeffrey-stuhr-034214aa/ DEPENDENCIES: - Requires PowerShell 5.1 or later - Uses Import-Clixml for secure backup file reading - Integrates with Write-StructuredLog for audit logging SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS: - Validates file existence and accessibility before processing - Implements comprehensive input validation and sanitization - Provides secure metadata extraction without exposing sensitive data - Tracks correlation IDs for complete audit trails PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: - Metadata Extraction: <50ms per backup file typically - File Validation: Real-time existence and accessibility checks - Memory Usage: Minimal overhead for metadata operations - I/O Optimization: Efficient handling of large backup files TROUBLESHOOTING: - For metadata extraction issues: .\Troubleshooting\Common\Backup-Issues.md - For file access problems: .\Troubleshooting\Security\File-Access-Issues.md - For performance optimization: .\Troubleshooting\Performance\Backup-Optimization.md #> function Get-BackupFileMetadata { <# .SYNOPSIS Extracts comprehensive metadata from backup files .DESCRIPTION Retrieves detailed metadata from backup files including creation date, correlation tracking, integrity information, and validation details for enterprise backup management and audit compliance. This function provides comprehensive metadata extraction capabilities essential for backup inventory management, audit reporting, and disaster recovery planning in enterprise environments. .PARAMETER BackupFilePath The full path to the backup file to analyze. Must be a valid XML backup file created by the backup system. .PARAMETER CorrelationId Unique identifier for tracking this operation across distributed systems and audit logs. Auto-generated if not provided. .EXAMPLE PS> Get-BackupFileMetadata -BackupFilePath "C:\Backups\User1_20250702_103631.xml" DESCRIPTION: Extracts comprehensive metadata from backup file OUTPUT: Detailed metadata object with all backup information USE CASE: Backup inventory management and audit reporting .EXAMPLE PS> $metadata = Get-BackupFileMetadata -BackupFilePath $backupFile -CorrelationId $correlationId PS> Write-Output "Backup for $($metadata.ObjectDN) created on $($metadata.BackupDate)" DESCRIPTION: Extract metadata with correlation tracking OUTPUT: Structured metadata object for programmatic processing USE CASE: Automated backup lifecycle management .OUTPUTS [PSCustomObject] Comprehensive backup metadata information containing: - File information (name, path, size, timestamps) - Backup content details (object DN, creation date, ACL count) - Integrity information (SDDL hash, validation signature) - Environment context (user, computer, domain, PowerShell version) - Processing context (backup method, script version, correlation IDs) .NOTES Author: Jeffrey Stuhr Blog: https://www.techbyjeff.net LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeffrey-stuhr-034214aa/ METADATA EXTRACTION INCLUDES: - Object identification and distinguished name - Backup creation timestamp and correlation tracking - Integrity verification information (SHA256 hash) - Environment context (user, computer, domain) - Technical details (PowerShell version, platform) - Backup version and validation signature ERROR HANDLING: - Validates backup file existence and accessibility - Provides detailed error messages for troubleshooting - Implements correlation tracking for distributed debugging - Uses structured logging for enterprise monitoring integration PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS: - Optimized for processing large numbers of backup files - Minimal memory footprint during metadata extraction - Efficient XML deserialization with error recovery - Fast file system validation and metadata retrieval TROUBLESHOOTING: - For metadata extraction issues: .\Troubleshooting\Common\Backup-Issues.md - For file access problems: .\Troubleshooting\Security\File-Access-Issues.md - For XML parsing errors: .\Troubleshooting\Common\XML-Processing-Issues.md #> [CmdletBinding()] [OutputType('BackupMetadata')] [Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSUseSingularNouns', '', Justification = 'Metadata is a mass noun; the name is shared with the tests and docs')] param( [Parameter(Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$BackupFilePath, [Parameter()] [string]$CorrelationId = [System.Guid]::NewGuid().ToString() ) begin { Write-StructuredLog "Starting backup metadata extraction operation" -Level Debug -CorrelationId $CorrelationId } process { try { # Validate input parameters if (-not $BackupFilePath.Trim()) { Write-Error "BackupFilePath cannot be empty or whitespace" -ErrorAction Stop return } $sanitizedPath = $BackupFilePath.Trim() Write-StructuredLog "Extracting metadata from backup: $sanitizedPath" -Level Debug -CorrelationId $CorrelationId # Validate file existence and accessibility if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $sanitizedPath -PathType Leaf)) { $errorMessage = "Backup file not found or inaccessible: $sanitizedPath" Write-StructuredLog $errorMessage -Level Error -CorrelationId $CorrelationId Write-Error $errorMessage -ErrorAction Stop return } # Import backup data with comprehensive error handling try { $backupData = Import-Clixml -LiteralPath $sanitizedPath -ErrorAction Stop } catch { $errorMessage = "Failed to import backup XML data from $sanitizedPath : $($_.Exception.Message)" Write-StructuredLog $errorMessage -Level Error -CorrelationId $CorrelationId Write-Error $errorMessage -ErrorAction Stop return } # Get file system information $fileInfo = Get-Item -LiteralPath $sanitizedPath -ErrorAction Stop # Create comprehensive metadata object $metadata = [PSCustomObject]@{ # File Information FileName = $fileInfo.Name FilePath = $fileInfo.FullName FileSize = $fileInfo.Length FileCreationTime = $fileInfo.CreationTime FileLastWriteTime = $fileInfo.LastWriteTime # Backup Content Information ObjectDN = $backupData.ObjectDN BackupDate = $backupData.BackupDate BackupCorrelationId = $backupData.CorrelationId ACLEntryCount = $backupData.ACLEntryCount # Integrity Information SDDLHash = $backupData.SDDLHash BackupVersion = $backupData.BackupVersion ValidationSignature = $backupData.ValidationSignature # Environment Context BackupUser = $backupData.UserContext BackupComputer = $backupData.ComputerName BackupDomain = $backupData.DomainContext PowerShellVersion = $backupData.PowerShellVersion Platform = $backupData.Platform PSEdition = $backupData.PSEdition # Processing Context BackupMethod = $backupData.BackupMethod ScriptVersion = $backupData.ScriptVersion ExtractionCorrelationId = $CorrelationId ExtractionTime = Get-Date -Format 'yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ' } # Add the type name to the object's type collection $metadata.PSObject.TypeNames.Insert(0, 'BackupMetadata') Write-StructuredLog "Successfully extracted metadata for backup: $($backupData.ObjectDN)" -Level Verbose -CorrelationId $CorrelationId Write-Output $metadata } catch { $errorDetails = @{ Message = $_.Exception.Message Category = $_.CategoryInfo.Category TargetObject = $_.TargetObject CorrelationId = $CorrelationId Function = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Name Line = $_.InvocationInfo.ScriptLineNumber BackupFilePath = $BackupFilePath } Write-StructuredLog "Failed to extract metadata from backup file" -Level Error -Data $errorDetails -CorrelationId $CorrelationId Write-Error "Failed to extract metadata from backup: $($_.Exception.Message)" -ErrorAction Stop } } end { Write-StructuredLog "Backup metadata extraction operation completed" -Level Debug -CorrelationId $CorrelationId } } |