PSRule.Rules.Azure

1.22.0

rules/Azure.VM.Rule.ps1

                                # Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.

# Licensed under the MIT License.

#

# Validation rules for Azure Virtual Machines

#

#region Virtual machine

# Synopsis: Virtual machines should use managed disks

Rule 'Azure.VM.UseManagedDisks' -Ref 'AZR-000238' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06'; 'Azure.WAF/pillar' = 'Security'; } -Labels @{ 'Azure.ASB.v3/control' = 'DP-4' } {

    # Check OS disk

    $Assert.

    NullOrEmpty($TargetObject, 'properties.storageProfile.osDisk.vhd.uri').

    WithReason(($LocalizedData.UnmanagedDisk -f $TargetObject.properties.storageProfile.osDisk.name), $True);

    # Check data disks

    foreach ($dataDisk in $TargetObject.properties.storageProfile.dataDisks) {

        $Assert.

        NullOrEmpty($dataDisk, 'vhd.uri').

        WithReason(($LocalizedData.UnmanagedDisk -f $dataDisk.name), $True);

    }

}

# Synopsis: Check disk caching is configured correctly for the workload

Rule 'Azure.VM.DiskCaching' -Ref 'AZR-000242' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # Check OS disk

    $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'properties.storageProfile.osDisk.caching', 'ReadWrite');

    # Check data disks

    $dataDisks = @($TargetObject.properties.storageProfile.dataDisks | Where-Object {

            $Null -ne $_

        })

    if ($dataDisks.Length -gt 0) {

        foreach ($disk in $dataDisks) {

            if ($disk.managedDisk.storageAccountType -eq 'Premium_LRS') {

                $Assert.HasFieldValue($disk, 'caching', 'ReadOnly');

            }

            else {

                $Assert.HasFieldValue($disk, 'caching', 'None');

            }

        }

    }

}

# Synopsis: Use Hybrid Use Benefit

Rule 'Azure.VM.UseHybridUseBenefit' -Ref 'AZR-000243' -If { SupportsHybridUse } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'properties.licenseType', 'Windows_Server');

}

# Synopsis: Use accelerated networking for supported operating systems and VM types.

Rule 'Azure.VM.AcceleratedNetworking' -Ref 'AZR-000244' -If { SupportsAcceleratedNetworking } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $resources = @(GetSubResources -ResourceType 'Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces');

    if ($resources.Length -eq 0) {

        return $Assert.Pass();

    }

    foreach ($interface in $resources) {

        $Assert.HasFieldValue($interface, 'Properties.enableAcceleratedNetworking', $True);

    }

}

# Synopsis: Linux VMs should use public key pair

Rule 'Azure.VM.PublicKey' -Ref 'AZR-000245' -If { VMHasLinuxOS } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.osProfile.linuxConfiguration.disablePasswordAuthentication', $True)

}

# Synopsis: Ensure that the VM agent is provisioned automatically

Rule 'Azure.VM.Agent' -Ref 'AZR-000246' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $Assert.HasDefaultValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.osProfile.linuxConfiguration.provisionVMAgent', $True)

    $Assert.HasDefaultValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.osProfile.windowsConfiguration.provisionVMAgent', $True)

}

# Synopsis: Ensure automatic updates are enabled at deployment

Rule 'Azure.VM.Updates' -Ref 'AZR-000247' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -If { IsWindowsOS } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06'; 'Azure.WAF/pillar' = 'Security'; } -Labels @{ 'Azure.ASB.v3/control' = 'ES-3' } {

    $Assert.HasDefaultValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.osProfile.windowsConfiguration.enableAutomaticUpdates', $True)

}

# Synopsis: Use VM naming requirements

Rule 'Azure.VM.Name' -Ref 'AZR-000248' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/resource-name-rules#microsoftcompute

    # Between 1 and 64 characters long

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 1)

    $Assert.LessOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 64)

    # Alphanumerics, underscores, periods, and hyphens

    # Start with alphanumeric

    # End with alphanumeric or underscore

    Match 'Name' '^[A-Za-z0-9]((-|\.)*\w){0,79}$'

}

# Synopsis: Use VM naming requirements

Rule 'Azure.VM.ComputerName' -Ref 'AZR-000249' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/resource-name-rules#microsoftcompute

    $maxLength = 64

    $matchExpression = '^[A-Za-z0-9]([A-Za-z0-9-.]){0,63}$'

    if (IsWindowsOS) {

        $maxLength = 15

        # Alphanumeric or hyphens

        # Can not include only numbers

        $matchExpression = '^[A-Za-z0-9-]{0,14}[A-Za-z-][A-Za-z0-9-]{0,14}$'

    }

    # Between 1 and 15/ 64 characters long

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Properties.osProfile.computerName', 1)

    $Assert.LessOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Properties.osProfile.computerName', $maxLength)

    # Alphanumerics and hyphens

    # Start and end with alphanumeric

    Match 'Properties.osProfile.computerName' $matchExpression

}

#endregion Virtual machine

#region Managed Disks

# Synopsis: Managed disks should be attached to virtual machines

Rule 'Azure.VM.DiskAttached' -Ref 'AZR-000250' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/disks' -If { ($TargetObject.ResourceName -notlike '*-ASRReplica') -and (IsExport) } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06'; 'Azure.WAF/pillar' = 'Security'; } -Labels @{ 'Azure.ASB.v3/control' = 'DP-4' } {

    # Disks should be attached unless they are used by ASR, which are not attached until fail over

    # Disks for VMs that are off are marked as Reserved

    Within 'properties.diskState' 'Attached', 'Reserved' -Reason $LocalizedData.ResourceNotAssociated

}

# TODO: Check IOPS

# Synopsis: Managed disk is smaller than SKU size

Rule 'Azure.VM.DiskSizeAlignment' -Ref 'AZR-000251' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/disks' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $diskSize = @(32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768)

    $actualSize = $TargetObject.Properties.diskSizeGB

    # Find the closest disk size

    $i = 0;

    while ($actualSize -gt $diskSize[$i]) {

        $i++;

    }

    # Actual disk size should be the disk size within 5GB

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Properties.diskSizeGB', ($diskSize[$i] - 5));

}

# TODO: Check number of disks

# Synopsis: Use Azure Disk Encryption

Rule 'Azure.VM.ADE' -Ref 'AZR-000252' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/disks' -If { IsExport } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06'; 'Azure.WAF/pillar' = 'Security'; } -Labels @{ 'Azure.ASB.v3/control' = 'DP-3' } {

    $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.encryptionSettingsCollection.enabled', $True)

    $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.encryptionSettingsCollection.encryptionSettings')

}

# Synopsis: Use Managed Disk naming requirements

Rule 'Azure.VM.DiskName' -Ref 'AZR-000253' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/disks' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/resource-name-rules#microsoftcompute

    # Between 1 and 80 characters long

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 1)

    $Assert.LessOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 80)

    # Alphanumerics, underscores, periods, and hyphens

    # Start with alphanumeric

    # End with alphanumeric or underscore

    Match 'Name' '^[A-Za-z0-9]((-|\.)*\w){0,79}$'

}

#endregion Managed Disks

#region Availability set

# Synopsis: Availability sets should be deployed with at least two members

Rule 'Azure.VM.ASMinMembers' -Ref 'AZR-000255' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/availabilitySets' -If { IsExport } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'properties.virtualMachines', 2)

}

# Synopsis: Use Availability Set naming requirements

Rule 'Azure.VM.ASName' -Ref 'AZR-000256' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/availabilitySets' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/resource-name-rules#microsoftcompute

    # Between 1 and 80 characters long

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 1)

    $Assert.LessOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 80)

    # Alphanumerics, underscores, periods, and hyphens

    # Start with alphanumeric

    # End with alphanumeric or underscore

    Match 'Name' '^[A-Za-z0-9]((-|\.)*\w){0,79}$'

}

#endregion Availability set

#region Network Interface

# Synopsis: Network interfaces (NICs) should be attached.

Rule 'Azure.VM.NICAttached' -Ref 'AZR-000257' -Type 'Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces' -If { IsExport } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    $Assert.AnyOf(

        $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.virtualMachine.id'),

        $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'Properties.privateEndpoint.id')

    )

}

# Synopsis: Use NIC naming requirements

Rule 'Azure.VM.NICName' -Ref 'AZR-000259' -Type 'Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/resource-name-rules#microsoftnetwork

    # Between 1 and 80 characters long

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 1)

    $Assert.LessOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 80)

    # Alphanumerics, underscores, periods, and hyphens

    # Start with alphanumeric

    # End with alphanumeric or underscore

    Match 'Name' '^[A-Za-z0-9]((-|\.)*\w){0,79}$'

}

#endregion Network Interface

#region Proximity Placement Groups

# Synopsis: Use Proximity Placement Groups naming requirements

Rule 'Azure.VM.PPGName' -Ref 'AZR-000260' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/proximityPlacementGroups' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2020_06' } {

    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/resource-name-rules#microsoftcompute

    # Between 1 and 80 characters long

    $Assert.GreaterOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 1)

    $Assert.LessOrEqual($TargetObject, 'Name', 80)

    # Alphanumerics, underscores, periods, and hyphens

    # Start and end with alphanumeric

    Match 'Name' '^[A-Za-z0-9]((-|\.|_)*[A-Za-z0-9]){0,79}$'

}

#endregion Proximity Placement Groups

# Synopsis: Protect Custom Script Extensions commands

Rule 'Azure.VM.ScriptExtensions' -Ref 'AZR-000332' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines', 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions' -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2022_12' } {

    $vmConfig = @($TargetObject);

    if ($PSRule.TargetType -eq 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines') {

        $vmConfig = @(GetSubResources -ResourceType 'extensions', 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions' );

    }

    if ($vmConfig.Length -eq 0) {

        return $Assert.Pass();

    }

    ## Extension Prof

    $customScriptProperties = @('CustomScript', 'CustomScriptExtension', 'CustomScriptForLinux')

    foreach ($config in $vmConfig) {

        if ($config.properties.type -in $customScriptProperties) {

            $cleanValue = [PSRule.Rules.Azure.Runtime.Helper]::CompressExpression($config.properties.settings.commandToExecute);

            $Assert.NotMatch($cleanValue, '.', "SecretReference")

        }

        else {

            return $Assert.Pass();

        }

    }

}

#region Azure Monitor Agent

# Synopsis: Use Azure Monitor Agent as replacement for Log Analytics Agent.

Rule 'Azure.VM.MigrateAMA' -Ref 'AZR-000317' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -If { HasOMSOrAMAExtension } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2022_12' } {

    $extensions = @(GetSubResources -ResourceType 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions' |

        Where-Object { (($_.Properties.publisher -eq 'Microsoft.EnterpriseCloud.Monitoring') -and ($_.Properties.type -eq 'MicrosoftMonitoringAgent')) -or

            (($_.Properties.publisher -eq 'Microsoft.EnterpriseCloud.Monitoring') -and ($_.Properties.type -eq 'OmsAgentForLinux')) })

    $Assert.Less($extensions, '.', 1).Reason($LocalizedData.LogAnalyticsAgentDeprecated).PathPrefix('resources')

}

#endregion Azure Monitor Agent

#region IaaS SQL Server disks

# Synopsis: Use Premium SSD disks or greater for data and log files for production SQL Server workloads.

Rule 'Azure.VM.SQLServerDisk' -Ref 'AZR-000324' -Type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' -If { HasPublisherMicrosoftSQLServer } -Tag @{ release = 'GA'; ruleSet = '2022_12'; } {

    $disks = @(GetOSAndDataDisks)

    $Assert.Less($disks, '.', 1).Reason($LocalizedData.SQLServerVMDisks).

    PathPrefix('properties.storageProfile')

}

#endregion IaaS SQL Server disks

#region Helper functions

function global:HasPublisherMicrosoftSQLServer {

    [CmdletBinding()]

    [OutputType([System.Boolean])]

    param ()

    process {

        $Assert.HasFieldValue($TargetObject, 'properties.storageProfile.imageReference.publisher', 'MicrosoftSQLServer').Result

    }

}

function global:GetOSAndDataDisks {

    [CmdletBinding()]

    [OutputType([PSObject[]])]

    param ()

    process {

        $allowedSkuTypes = @('UltraSSD_LRS', 'PremiumV2_LRS', 'Premium_ZRS', 'Premium_LRS')

        $TargetObject.properties.storageProfile.osDisk.managedDisk |

            Where-Object { $_.storageAccountType -and $_.storageAccountType -notin $allowedSkuTypes }

                $TargetObject.properties.storageProfile.dataDisks |

                    Where-Object { $_.managedDisk.storageAccountType -and $_.managedDisk.storageAccountType -notin $allowedSkuTypes }

    }

}

#endregion Helper functions

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