TeamsFunctions

22.11

Public/UserManagement/AzureAdAdminRole/Enable-AzureAdAdminRole.ps1

# Module: TeamsFunctions
# Function: UserAdmin
# Author: David Eberhardt
# Updated: 20-DEC-2020
# Status: Live

#TODO: Privileged Admin Groups powershell required. Buildout to commence afterwards (code currently deactivated) #73
#TODO: Change validation of Request to return validated setting via GET-AzureADMSRoleAssignment

function Enable-AzureAdAdminRole {
  <#
  .SYNOPSIS
    Enables eligible Admin Roles
  .DESCRIPTION
    Azure Ad Privileged Identity Management can require you to activate Admin Roles.
    Eligibe roles or groups can be activated with this Command
  .PARAMETER Identity
    Username of the Admin Account to enable roles for
  .PARAMETER Reason
    Optional. Small statement why these roles are requested
    By default, "Administration" is used as the reason.
  .PARAMETER Duration
    Optional. Integer. By default, enables Roles for 4 hours.
    Depending on your Administrators settings, values between 1 and 24 hours can be specified
  .PARAMETER TicketNr
    Optional. Integer. Only used if provided
    Depending on your Administrators settings, a ticket number may be required to process the request
  .PARAMETER Extend
    Optional. Switch. If an assignment is already active, it can be extended.
    This will leave an open request which can be closed manually.
  .PARAMETER ProviderId
    Optional. Default is 'aadRoles' for the ProviderId, however, this script could also be used for activating
    Azure Resources ('azureResources'). Use with Confirm and EnableAll.
  .PARAMETER PassThru
    Optional. Displays output object for each activated Role
    Used for further processing to verify command was successful
  .PARAMETER Force
    Optional. Overrides confirmation dialog and enables all eligible roles
  .EXAMPLE
    Enable-AzureAdAdminRole John@domain.com
 
    Enables all eligible Teams Admin roles for User John@domain.com
  .EXAMPLE
    Enable-AzureAdAdminRole John@domain.com -EnableAll -Reason "Need to provision Users" -Duration 4
 
    Enables all eligible Admin roles for User John@domain.com with the reason provided.
  .EXAMPLE
    Enable-AzureAdAdminRole John@domain.com -EnableAll -ProviderId azureResources -Confirm
 
    Enables all eligible Azure Resources for User John@domain.com with confirmation for each Resource.
  .EXAMPLE
    Enable-AzureAdAdminRole John@domain.com -Extend -Duration 3
 
    If already activated, will extend the Azure Resources for User John@domain.com for up to 3 hours.
  .INPUTS
    System.String
  .OUTPUTS
    System.Void - Default Behaviour
    System.Object - With Switch PassThru
    Boolean - If called by other CmdLets
  .NOTES
    Limitations: MFA must be authorised first - Current workaround triggers MFA auth upon login.
    If the activation fails, please sign into Office.com or use https://aka.ms/myroles
    Once Authorised, this command can be used to activate your eligible Admin Roles.
    AzureResources provider activation is not yet tested.
    Thanks to Nathan O'Bryan, MVP|MCSM - nathan@mcsmlab.com for inspiring this script through Activate-PIMRole.ps1
  .COMPONENT
    UserManagement
  .FUNCTIONALITY
    Enables eligible Privileged Identity roles for Administration of Teams
  .LINK
    https://github.com/DEberhardt/TeamsFunctions/tree/main/docs/Enable-AzureAdAdminRole.md
  .LINK
    https://github.com/DEberhardt/TeamsFunctions/tree/main/docs/about_UserManagement.md
  .LINK
    https://github.com/DEberhardt/TeamsFunctions/tree/main/docs/
  #>

  [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess)]
  [OutputType([Void])]

  param(
    [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName, HelpMessage = 'Enter the identity of the Admin Account')]
    [Alias('UserPrincipalName', 'ObjectId')]
    [string]$Identity,

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Optional Reason for the request')]
    [string]$Reason,

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Integer in hours to activate role(s) for')]
    [int]$Duration,

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Ticket Number for use to provide to the request')]
    [int]$TicketNr,

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Azure ProviderId to be used')]
    [ValidateSet('aadRoles', 'azureResources')]
    [string]$ProviderId = 'aadRoles',

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Tries to extend the activation.')]
    [switch]$Extend,

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Displays output of activated roles to verify')]
    [switch]$PassThru,

    [Parameter(HelpMessage = 'Overrides confirmation dialog and enables all eligible roles')]
    [switch]$Force

  ) #param

  begin {
    Show-FunctionStatus -Level Live
    Write-Verbose -Message "[BEGIN ] $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)"

    # Asserting AzureAD Connection
    if ( -not $script:TFPSSA) { $script:TFPSSA = Assert-AzureADConnection; if ( -not $script:TFPSSA ) { break } }

    $Stack = Get-PSCallStack
    $Called = ($stack.length -ge 3)

    # Setting Preference Variables according to Upstream settings
    if (-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Verbose')) { $VerbosePreference = $PSCmdlet.SessionState.PSVariable.GetValue('VerbosePreference') }
    if (-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Confirm')) { $ConfirmPreference = $PSCmdlet.SessionState.PSVariable.GetValue('ConfirmPreference') }
    if (-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('WhatIf')) { $WhatIfPreference = $PSCmdlet.SessionState.PSVariable.GetValue('WhatIfPreference') }
    if (-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Debug')) { $DebugPreference = $PSCmdlet.SessionState.PSVariable.GetValue('DebugPreference') } else { $DebugPreference = 'Continue' }
    if ( $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('InformationAction')) { $InformationPreference = $PSCmdlet.SessionState.PSVariable.GetValue('InformationAction') } else { $InformationPreference = 'Continue' }

    # Validating Module
    try {
      if ( -not (Get-Module AzureAdPreview)) {
        Write-Verbose -Message "Removing Module 'AzureAd', Importing Module 'AzureAdPreview'"
        $SaveVerbosePreference = $global:VerbosePreference;
        $global:VerbosePreference = 'SilentlyContinue';
        Remove-Module AzureAd -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Verbose:$false
        Import-Module AzureAdPreview -Global -Force -ErrorAction Stop -Verbose:$false
        $global:VerbosePreference = $SaveVerbosePreference
      }
    }
    catch {
      Write-Error -Message 'Module AzureAdPreview not present or failed to import. Please make sure the Module is installed and correctly loaded'
      return
    }

    # Evaluating requirement for SfB Legacy Role
    $SfBRoleNotNeeded = $(Get-Module MicrosoftTeams -WarningAction SilentlyContinue).Version -ge 2.3.1

    # preparing Splatting Object
    $Parameters = $null
    $Parameters += @{ 'ErrorAction' = 'Stop' }

    #region Supporting Parameters
    # Duration
    if ( -not $Duration ) {
      [int]$Duration = 4
      # Duration is used in $Schedule
    }

    # Reason & Ticket Number
    if ( -not $Reason ) { $Reason = 'Administration' }
    if ( $TicketNr ) {
      #IMPROVE TicketNr is not yet available
      #$Parameters += @{'$TicketNr' = $TicketNr }
      $Reason = "Ticket: $TicketNr - $Reason"
    }
    $Parameters += @{'Reason' = $Reason }

    # ProviderId is hardcoded (or overridden by providing a value)
    Write-Verbose -Message "Using Azure Provider Id: $ProviderId"
    $Parameters += @{'ProviderId' = $ProviderId }

    # ResourceId - is the Tenant Id
    Write-Verbose -Message 'Querying Azure Tenant Id'
    $ResourceId = (Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo).TenantId
    $Parameters += @{'ResourceId' = $ResourceId }

    # Assignment state is always Active
    $Parameters += @{'AssignmentState' = 'Active' }

    # Importing all Roles
    Write-Verbose -Message 'Querying Azure Privileged Role Definitions'
    try {
      $AllRoles = Get-AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleDefinition -ProviderId $ProviderId -ResourceId $ResourceId -ErrorAction Stop
    }
    catch {
      if ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('The tenant needs an AAD Premium 2 license')) {
        Write-Error -Message 'Cannot query role definitions. AzureAd Premium License Required' -ErrorAction Stop
      }
      else {
        Write-Error -Message "Cannot query role definitions. Exception: $($_.Exception.Message)" -ErrorAction Stop
      }
    }

    # Defining Schedule
    Write-Verbose -Message "Creating Schedule based on Duration: $Duration hours"
    $Date = Get-Date
    $start = $Date.ToUniversalTime()
    $end = $Date.AddHours($Duration).ToUniversalTime()

    $schedule = New-Object Microsoft.Open.MSGraph.Model.AzureADMSPrivilegedSchedule
    $schedule.Type = 'Once'
    $schedule.StartDateTime = $start.ToString('yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ')
    $schedule.endDateTime = $end.ToString('yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ')
    Write-Verbose -Message "Admin Roles will be active for $Duration hours, until: $($end.ToString())"
    $Parameters += @{'Schedule' = $schedule }
    #endregion

    # Identity is not mandatory, using connected Session
    if ( -not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Identity') ) {
      $Identity = (Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo).Account.Id
      Write-Information "INFO: No Identity Provided, using user currently connected to AzureAd: '$Identity'"
    }

  } #begin

  process {
    Write-Verbose -Message "[PROCESS] $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)"

    foreach ($Id in $Identity) {
      # Querying User Account
      Write-Verbose -Message "Processing User '$Id'"
      try {
        $SubjectId = (Get-AzureADUser -ObjectId "$Id" -WarningAction SilentlyContinue -ErrorAction STOP).ObjectId
      }
      catch {
        Write-Error -Message 'User Account not valid' -Category ObjectNotFound -RecommendedAction 'Verify Identity/UserPrincipalName'
        continue
      }

      # Determining Direct assignments
      Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Querying all AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignment"
      $TenantRoles = Get-AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignment -ProviderId $ProviderId -ResourceId $ResourceId

      # Determining Direct assignments
      Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Determining direct assignments"
      #$MyRoles = Get-AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignment -ProviderId $ProviderId -ResourceId $ResourceId -Filter "subjectId eq '$SubjectId'"
      $MyRoles = $TenantRoles | Where-Object SubjectId -EQ "$SubjectId"
      $MyActiveRoles = $MyRoles | Where-Object AssignmentState -EQ 'Active'
      $MyEligibleRoles = $MyRoles | Where-Object AssignmentState -EQ 'Eligible'
      if ( $SfBRoleNotNeeded ) {
        if (-not $Force ) {
          # NOTE: 75941009-915a-4869-abe7-691bff18279e is "Skype for Business Administrator"
          # Skype For Business Administrator (Lync Administrator) is not activated as it is no longer needed with MicrosoftTeams v2.3.1 or later
          Write-Information "INFO: Role 'Skype For Business Administrator' (Lync Administrator) is not activated as it is no longer needed with MicrosoftTeams v2.3.1 or later. To activate this role too, please use -Force" -InformationAction Continue
          $MyEligibleRoles = $MyEligibleRoles | Where-Object RoleDefinitionId -NE '75941009-915a-4869-abe7-691bff18279e'
        }
      }
      Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' has currently $($MyActiveRoles.Count) of $($MyEligibleRoles.Count) activated"

      <#
      #FIXME This somehow overwrites the SubjectID!
      # Determining Group Assignments
      Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Determining group assignments"
      Write-Verbose -Message "Querying The AzureAdDirectory Role is performed assuming the Teams Service Admin (Teams Administrator)"
      #BODGE This assumes Teams Service Admin (Teams Administrator) - may require multiple brushes Try/Catch with "Teams Communications Administrator" as well.
      $Role = Get-AzureADDirectoryRole -Filter "DisplayName eq 'Teams Administrator'"
      $MyGroups = (Get-AzureADDirectoryRoleMember -ObjectId $Role.ObjectId | Where-Object ObjectType -EQ 'Group').ObjectId
      foreach ($Group in $MyGroups) {
        Write-Debug "Querying AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignment for $Group"
        $PIMGroup = $null
        $PIMGroup = $TenantRoles | Where-Object SubjectId -EQ "$Group"
        if ($PIMGroup) {
          Write-Debug "Querying AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignment for '$Group' - Adding $($PIMGroup.RoleDefinitionId)"
          $MyGroupRoles += $PIMGroup
        }
      }
      Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' is a member of $($MyGroups.Count) Groups with $($MyGroupRoles.Count) assigned roles"
      #>

      [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]$Roles = @()
      # Adding Direct assigned Roles
      if ($MyEligibleRoles.Count -gt 0) { foreach ($Role in $MyEligibleRoles) { [void]$Roles.Add($Role) } }
      # Adding Group assigned Roles
      #if ( $MyGroupRoles.Count -gt 0) { foreach ($Role in $MyGroupRoles) { [void]$Roles.Add($Role) } }

      if ( $MyEligibleRoles.Count -eq 0 ) {
        if ( $MyActiveRoles.Count -eq 0 ) {
          Write-Warning -Message "User '$Id' No eligible Privileged Access Roles availabe!"
          Continue
        }
        else {
          Write-Information "INFO: User '$Id' No eligible Privileged Access Roles availabe, but User has $($MyActiveRoles.Count) active Roles"
          return $(if ($Called) { $true })
        }

        <# commented out to avoid confusion - used for groups
        if ( $MyGroupRoles.Count -eq 0 ) {
          # content of MyActivteRoles moved above
          if ( $MyActiveRoles.Count -eq 0 ) {
            Write-Warning -Message "User '$Id' No eligible Privileged Access Roles availabe!"
          }
          else {
            Write-Information "INFO: User '$Id' No eligible Privileged Access Roles availabe, but User has $($MyActiveRoles.Count) active Roles"
            return $(if ($Called) { $true })
          }
          Continue
        }
        else {
          Write-Verbose "User '$Id' is a member of a group which has $($MyGroupRoles.Count) roles available"
        }
        #>
      }
      else {
        Write-Verbose "User '$Id' has direct assignments for $($MyEligibleRoles.Count) roles"
      }

      # Activating Role
      [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]$ActivatedRoles = @()
      foreach ($R in $Roles) {
        # Querying Role Display Name
        $RoleName = $AllRoles | Where-Object { $_.Id -eq $R.RoleDefinitionId } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty DisplayName

        # Confirm every role if not Force
        if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess("$RoleName")) {
          if (-not ($Force -or $PSCmdlet.ShouldContinue("Eligible Role '$RoleName' found. Activate Role?", 'Enable-AzureAdAdminRole'))) {
            continue # user replied no
          }
          else {
            # Preparing Output object
            $ActivatedRole = @()
            $ActivatedRole = [PsCustomObject][ordered]@{
              PSTypeName    = 'PowerShell.TeamsFunctsions.AzureAdAdminRole.RoleActivation'
              'User'        = $Id
              'Rolename'    = $RoleName
              'Type'        = $null
              'ActiveUntil' = $null
            }

            # Adding Role Definition Id
            if ($Parameters.RoleDefinitionId) { $Parameters.RoleDefinitionId = $R.RoleDefinitionId }
            else { $Parameters += @{'RoleDefinitionId' = $R.RoleDefinitionId } }

            # Determining Activation Type (UserAdd VS UserRenew)
            # NOTE The value for the Request type can be AdminAdd, UserAdd, AdminUpdate, AdminRemove, UserRemove, UserExtend, UserRenew, AdminRenew and AdminExtend.
            # NOTE More options could be provided than UserExtend (Request) and UserAdd. Bears investigation
            #>
            if ( $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Extend') -and $R.RoleDefinitionId -in $MyActiveRoles.RoleDefinitionId ) {
              Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Role '$RoleName' is already active and will be extended"
              $ActivatedRole.Type = 'UserExtend'
              if ($Parameters.Type) {
                $Parameters.Type = 'UserExtend'
              }
              else {
                $Parameters += @{'Type' = 'UserExtend' }
              }
            }
            else {
              Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Role '$RoleName' is currently not active and will be activated"
              $ActivatedRole.Type = 'UserAdd'
              if ($Parameters.Type) {
                $Parameters.Type = 'UserAdd'
              }
              else {
                $Parameters += @{'Type' = 'UserAdd' }
              }
            }

            # Adding SubjectId to Parameters
            #if ($Parameters.SubjectId) { $Parameters.SubjectId = $SubjectId } else { $Parameters += @{'SubjectId' = $SubjectId } }
            if ($Parameters.SubjectId) { $Parameters.SubjectId = $Role.SubjectId } else { $Parameters += @{'SubjectId' = $Role.SubjectId } }

            #Activating the Role
            try {
              Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Role '$RoleName': Activating Role"
              $ActivatedRole.ActiveUntil = $schedule.endDateTime
              if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Debug') -or $DebugPreference -eq 'Continue') {
                "Function: $($MyInvocation.MyCommand.Name) - Parameters (Open-AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignmentRequest)", ( $Parameters | Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-String).Trim() | Write-Debug
              }
              $null = Open-AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignmentRequest @Parameters
              [void]$ActivatedRoles.Add($ActivatedRole)
            }
            catch {
              if ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('UnauthorizedAccessException')) {
                Write-Error -Message 'Attempted to perform an unauthorized operation.' -Category InvalidData
              }
              elseif ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('EligibilityRule')) {
                Write-Error -Message 'User is not eligible to activate this role.' -Category InvalidData
              }
              elseif ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('The following policy rules failed: ["MfaRule"]')) {
                Write-Error -Message 'No valid authentication via MFA is present. Please authenticate again and retry.' -Category InvalidData
              }
              elseif ( $_.Exception.Message.contains('No valid authentication via MFA is present') ) {
                Write-Error -Message 'No valid authentication via MFA is present. Please authenticate again and retry.' -Category InvalidData
              }
              elseif ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('ExpirationRule')) {
                # Amending Schedule
                if ($Duration -eq 4) { $Duration = 1 } else { $Duration = 4 }
                Write-Warning -Message "Specified Duration is not allowed, re-trying for $Duration hour(s)"
                $end = $Date.AddHours($Duration).ToUniversalTime()
                $schedule.endDateTime = $end.ToString('yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ')
                Write-Verbose -Message "Admin Roles will be active for $Duration hours, until: $($end.ToString())"
                $Parameters.Schedule = $schedule
                try {
                  Write-Verbose -Message "User '$Id' Role '$RoleName': Activating Role"
                  $ActivatedRole.ActiveUntil = $schedule.endDateTime
                  $null = Open-AzureADMSPrivilegedRoleAssignmentRequest @Parameters
                  [void]$ActivatedRoles.Add($ActivatedRole)
                }
                catch {
                  if ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('ExpirationRule')) {
                    Write-Error -Message 'Specified Duration is not allowed, please try again with a lower number.' -Category InvalidData
                  }
                  elseif ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('EligibilityRule')) {
                    Write-Error -Message 'User is not eligible to activate this role.' -Category InvalidData
                  }
                  elseif ($_.Exception.Message.Contains('The following policy rules failed: ["MfaRule"]')) {
                    Write-Error -Message 'No valid authentication via MFA is present. Please authenticate again and retry.' -Category InvalidData
                  }
                  else {
                    Write-Error -Message $_.Exception.Message
                  }
                }
              }
              else {
                Write-Error -Message $_.Exception.Message
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

    # Output
    if ( $PassThru ) {
      return $ActivatedRoles
    }

  } #process

  end {
    Write-Verbose -Message "[END ] $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)"
  } #end
} #Enable-AzureAdAdminRole