Private/Initialize-VHDPartition.ps1
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function Initialize-VHDPartition { <# .Synopsis Create VHD(X) with partitions needed to be bootable .DESCRIPTION This command will create a VHD or VHDX file. Supported layours are: BIOS, UEFI, Data or WindowsToGo. To create a recovery partitions use -RecoveryTools and -RecoveryImage .EXAMPLE Initialize-VHDPartition d:\disks\disk001.vhdx -dynamic -size 30GB -DiskLayout BIOS .EXAMPLE Initialize-VHDPartition d:\disks\disk001.vhdx -dynamic -size 40GB -DiskLayout UEFI -RecoveryTools .NOTES General notes #> [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess, PositionalBinding = $false, ConfirmImpact = 'Medium')] Param ( # Path to the new VHDX file (Must end in .vhd, or .vhdx) [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory, HelpMessage = 'Enter the path for the new VHD/VHDX file')] [ValidateNotNullorEmpty()] [ValidatePattern(".\.vhdx?$")] [ValidateScript( { if (Get-FullFilePath -Path $_ | Split-Path | Resolve-Path ) { $true } else { Throw "Parent folder for $_ does not exist." } })] [string]$Path, # Size in Bytes (Default 80B) [uint64]$Size = 80GB, # System (boot loader) Partition Size (Default : 260MB) [int]$SystemSize, # MS Reserved Partition Size (Default : 128MB) [int]$ReservedSize, # Recovery Tools Partition Size (Default : 905MB) [int]$RecoverySize, # Create Dynamic disk [switch]$Dynamic, # Specifies whether to build the image for BIOS (MBR), UEFI (GPT), Data (GPT), or WindowsToGo (MBR). # Generation 1 VMs require BIOS (MBR) images and have one partition. Generation 2 VMs require # UEFI (GPT) images and have 3-5 partitions. # Windows To Go images will boot in UEFI or BIOS [Parameter(Mandatory)] [Alias('Layout')] [string] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [ValidateSet('BIOS', 'UEFI', 'WindowsToGo', 'Data')] $DiskLayout, # Format drive as NTFS or ReFS (Only applies when DiskLayout = Data) [string] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [ValidateSet('NTFS', 'ReFS')] $DataFormat = 'ReFS', # Alocation Unit Size to format the primary partition [int] [ValidateSet(4kb, 8kb, 16kb, 32kb, 64kb, 128kb, 256kb, 512kb, 1024kb, 2048kb)] $AllocationUnitSize, # Output the disk image object [switch]$Passthru, # Create the Recovery Environment Tools Partition. Only valid on UEFI layout [switch]$NoRecoveryTools, # Force the overwrite of existing files [switch]$force ) Begin { if ($pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] Create partition structure for Bootable vhd(x) on [$Path]", "Replace existing file [$Path] ? ", 'Overwrite WARNING!')) { if ((-not (Test-Path $Path)) -Or $force -Or ((Test-Path $Path) -and $pscmdlet.ShouldContinue("TargetFile [$Path] exists! Any existin data will be lost!", 'Warning'))) { $ParametersToPass = @{ } foreach ($key in ('Whatif', 'Verbose', 'Debug')) { if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey($key)) { $ParametersToPass[$key] = $PSBoundParameters[$key] } } #region Validate input $VHDFormat = ([IO.FileInfo]$Path).Extension.split('.')[-1] if (($DiskLayout -eq 'UEFI') -and ($VHDFormat -eq 'VHD')) { throw 'UEFI disks must be in VHDX format. Please change the path to end in VHDX' } # Enforce max VHD size. if ('VHD' -ilike $VHDFormat) { if ($Size -gt 2040GB) { Write-Warning -Message 'For the VHD file format, the maximum file size is ~2040GB. Reseting size to 2040GB.' $Size = 2040GB } } $fileName = Split-Path -Leaf -Path $Path # make paths absolute $Path = $Path | Get-FullFilePath #endregion # if we get this far it's ok to delete existing files. Save the ACL for the new file $Acl = $null if (Test-Path -Path $Path) { $Acl = Get-Acl -Path $Path Remove-Item -Path $Path } Write-Verbose -Message "[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] [$fileName] : Creating" #region Create VHD Try { $vhdParams = @{ VHDFormat = $VHDFormat Path = $Path SizeBytes = $Size } If ($Dynamic) { Write-Verbose -Message "[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] [$fileName] : Params for [WIM2VHD.VirtualHardDisk]::CreateSparseDisk()" Write-Verbose -Message ($vhdParams | Out-String) $null = [WIM2VHD.VirtualHardDisk]::CreateSparseDisk( $VHDFormat, $Path, $Size, $true ) } else { Write-Verbose -Message "[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] [$fileName] : Params for [WIM2VHD.VirtualHardDisk]::CreateFixedDisk()" Write-Verbose -Message ($vhdParams | Out-String) Write-Warning -Message 'Creating a Fixed Disk May take a long time!' $null = [WIM2VHD.VirtualHardDisk]::CreateFixedDisk( $VHDFormat, $Path, $Size, $true ) } } catch { Throw "Failed to create $Path. $($_.Exception.Message)" } #endregion if (Test-Path -Path $Path) { if ($Acl) { Set-Acl -Path $Path -AclObject $Acl } #region Mount Image try { Write-Verbose -Message "[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] [$fileName] : Mounting disk image" $disk = Mount-DiskImage -ImagePath $Path -PassThru | Get-DiskImage | Get-Disk } catch { throw $_.Exception.Message } #endregion } else { Throw "Failed to create vhd" } #region Create partitions try { $InitializeDiskParam = @{ DiskNumber = $disk.Number DiskLayout = $DiskLayout force = $force } if ($DataFormat) { $InitializeDiskParam.add('DataFormat', $DataFormat) } if ($NoRecoveryTools) { $InitializeDiskParam.add('NoRecoveryTools', $NoRecoveryTools) } if ($SystemSize) { $InitializeDiskParam.add('SystemSize', $SystemSize) } if ($ReservedSize) { $InitializeDiskParam.add('ReservedSize', $ReservedSize) } if ($RecoverySize) { $InitializeDiskParam.add('RecoverySize', $RecoverySize) } if ($AllocationUnitSize) { $InitializeDiskParam.add('AllocationUnitSize', $AllocationUnitSize) } $null = Initialize-DiskPartition @ParametersToPass @InitializeDiskParam #endregion } catch { Write-Error -Message "[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] [$fileName] : Creating Partitions" throw $_.Exception.Message } #region Dismount finally { Write-Verbose -Message "[$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)] [$fileName] : Dismounting disk image" $null = Dismount-DiskImage -ImagePath $Path [System.GC]::Collect() } #endregion if ($Passthru) { #write the new disk object to the pipeline Get-DiskImage -ImagePath $Path } } } } } |