public/Network/Convert-IPCalc.ps1
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Function Convert-IPCalc { <# .SYNOPSIS Convert-IPCalc calculates the IP subnet information based upon the entered IP address and subnet. .COMPONENT Network .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc 10.10.100.5/24 .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc -IPAddress 10.100.100.1 -NetMask 255.255.255.0 .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc 192.168.0.1/24 -IncludeBinaryOutput .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc 192.168.0.1/24 -IncludeHostList .NOTES Inspired by Jason Wasser #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( # Enter the IP address by itself or with CIDR notation. [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,Position=1)][string]$IPAddress, # Enter the subnet mask information in dotted decimal form. [Parameter(Mandatory=$False,Position=2)][string]$Netmask, # Include the binary format of the subnet information. [switch]$IncludeBinaryOutput, # Include List of all hosts. [switch]$IncludeHostList ) process { # Function to convert IP address string to binary: "1.2.3.4" => "00000001000000100000001100000100" function toBinary ($dottedDecimal) { return ($dottedDecimal -split "\." | ForEach-Object { [convert]::ToString($_,2).padleft(8,"0") }) -join "" } # Function to convert IP address to Int32: "172.22.5.0" => 2887124224 function toInt32 ([IPAddress]$ip) { $bytes = $ip.GetAddressBytes() if ([BitConverter]::IsLittleEndian) { [Array]::Reverse($bytes)} return [BitConverter]::ToUInt32($bytes, 0) } # Function to convert binary IP address to dotted decimal string: "00000001000000100000001100000100" => "1.2.3.4" function toDottedDecimal ($binary) { return (0..3 | ForEach-Object { [string]$([convert]::toInt32($binary.substring($_ * 8, 8), 2)) }) -join "." } # Function to convert CIDR format to binary: 24 => "11111111111111111111111100000000" function CidrToBin ([int]$cidr) { return "".PadLeft($cidr,'1').PadRight(32,'0') } # Function to convert network mask to wildcard format: "11111111111111111111111100000000" => 00000000000000000000000011111111 function NetMasktoWildcard ($wildcard) { return $wildcard -replace 1,2 -replace 0,1 -replace 2,0 } # Check the IP Address format. if ($IPAddress -match '^(?<ip>([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3})(/(?<cidr>[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[012]))?$') { $IPAddress = $Matches['ip'] } else { throw 'The input of the IP Address is invalid!' } $cidr = [convert]::ToInt32($Matches['cidr']) # check if IP Address is valid. $IPAddress.split(".") | ForEach-Object { if ([int]$_ -lt 0 -or [int]$_ -gt 255) { throw "IP Address is invalid!" } } $ipBinary = toBinary $IPAddress # check, if the Netmask and CIDR are both set. if ($Netmask -and $cidr -gt 0) { throw 'You can not set both Netmask and CIDR!' } # check if neither Netmask nor CIDR is set. if (!$Netmask -and $cidr -eq 0) { throw 'You must set either Netmask or CIDR!' } # check if Netmask is valid. $smBinary = if ($Netmask) { toBinary $Netmask } else { CidrToBin($cidr) } if ($smBinary -notmatch '^1{1,32}0{0,31}$' -or $smBinary.length -ne 32) { throw "Subnet Mask is invalid!" } # Validate the subnet mask if (!$Netmask) { $Netmask = toDottedDecimal($smBinary) } $wildcardbinary = NetMasktoWildcard $smBinary $netBits = $smBinary.indexOf("0") # First determine the location of the first zero in the subnet mask in binary (if any) # If there is a 0 found then the subnet mask is less than 32 (CIDR). if ($netBits -ne -1) { $cidr = $netBits #identify subnet boundaries $networkIDbinary = $ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(32,"0") $networkID = toDottedDecimal $networkIDbinary $firstAddressBinary = $($ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(31,"0") + "1") $firstAddress = toDottedDecimal $firstAddressBinary $lastAddressBinary = $($ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(31,"1") + "0") $lastAddress = toDottedDecimal $lastAddressBinary $broadCastbinary = $ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(32,"1") $broadCast = toDottedDecimal $broadCastbinary $wildcard = toDottedDecimal $wildcardbinary $Hostspernet = ([convert]::ToInt32($broadCastbinary,2) - [convert]::ToInt32($networkIDbinary,2)) - 1 } else { # Subnet mask is 32 (CIDR) #identify subnet boundaries $networkID = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $networkIDbinary = $ipBinary $firstAddress = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $firstAddressBinary = $ipBinary $lastAddress = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $lastAddressBinary = $ipBinary $broadCast = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $broadCastbinary = $ipBinary $wildcard = toDottedDecimal $wildcardbinary $Hostspernet = 1 $cidr = 32 } # Output custom object with or without binary information. $Output = [PSCustomObject]@{ Address = $IPAddress Address32 = toInt32 ([IPAddress]$IPAddress) Netmask = $Netmask Wildcard = $wildcard Network = "$networkID/$cidr" Broadcast = $broadCast HostMin = $firstAddress HostMax = $lastAddress 'Hosts/Net' = $Hostspernet } if ($IncludeBinaryOutput) { $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'AddressBinary' -Value $ipBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'NetmaskBinary' -Value $smBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'WildcardBinary' -Value $wildcardbinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'NetworkBinary' -Value $networkIDbinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'HostMinBinary' -Value $firstAddressBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'HostMaxBinary' -Value $lastAddressBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'BroadcastBinary' -Value $broadCastbinary } if ($IncludeHostList) { $hostList = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object] # @() for ($ip = [Convert]::ToInt64($firstAddressBinary, 2); $ip -le [Convert]::ToInt64($lastAddressBinary, 2); $ip++) { $hostList.Add((toDottedDecimal ([Convert]::ToString($ip,2)).padleft(32,"0"))) } $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'HostList' -Value $hostList } return $Output } } |