cpu-parking-disabler.ps1
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<#PSScriptInfo .VERSION 1.4.0 .GUID 3c68d1e3-ff2b-4cc2-b7c1-6c384c72cd0d .AUTHOR vadyaravadim .COMPANYNAME .COPYRIGHT Copyright (c) 2025 vadyaravadim .TAGS Windows Windows10 Windows11 Gaming CPU CoreParking PowerPlan Performance Latency Stutter Tweak PSEdition_Desktop PSEdition_Core .LICENSEURI https://github.com/vadyaravadim/cpu-parking-disabler/blob/main/LICENSE .PROJECTURI https://github.com/vadyaravadim/cpu-parking-disabler .ICONURI .EXTERNALMODULEDEPENDENCIES .REQUIREDSCRIPTS .EXTERNALSCRIPTDEPENDENCIES .RELEASENOTES https://github.com/vadyaravadim/cpu-parking-disabler/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md .PRIVATEDATA #> <# .SYNOPSIS Disables CPU core parking and sets Energy Performance Preference to maximum performance. .DESCRIPTION Shows how many cores Windows has parked right now and the four power settings behind it, then sets Core Parking Min Cores (CPMINCORES / CPMINCORES1) to 100 and Energy Performance Preference (PERFEPP / PERFEPP1) to 0 on the active power scheme, for AC and DC, and shows the parked-core count again so the effect is visible on screen. Supports hybrid Intel CPUs with E-cores, 12th gen and newer (separate P-core/E-core settings), and non-hybrid CPUs (AMD Ryzen, older Intel), where Windows ignores the Class 1 (P-core) settings. X3D Ryzens with 3D V-Cache on one of their two CCDs (7900X3D, 7950X3D, 9900X3D, 9950X3D, and the laptop 7945HX3D and 9955HX3D) get a warning and a prompt first: in Windows Game Mode, which the Xbox Game Bar turns on when it detects a game, AMD's chipset driver parks the other CCD so the game stays on the cache, and this tweak defeats that. The 9950X3D2, with 3D V-Cache on both CCDs, gets a note only. The previous values are written to parking_undo_<stamp>.json next to the script before anything changes; -Undo puts back the values you had set yourself and returns the rest to Windows' default. The script relaunches itself as Administrator when needed. .PARAMETER Status Show the parked-core count and the current settings, change nothing. Does not need Administrator rights. .PARAMETER Undo Put back what the newest parking_undo_*.json next to the script recorded: a value you had set yourself is written back, and a setting that was following Windows' default goes back to that default. Files are per-run snapshots: after several runs, -Undo once per run, newest to oldest - only the oldest holds the original state. .EXAMPLE .\cpu-parking-disabler.ps1 Double-click Run.bat, or right-click this file > Run with PowerShell. No parameters needed - it elevates itself. .EXAMPLE .\cpu-parking-disabler.ps1 -Status .EXAMPLE .\cpu-parking-disabler.ps1 -Undo .LINK https://github.com/vadyaravadim/cpu-parking-disabler #> [CmdletBinding()] param( [switch]$Status, [switch]$Undo, [switch]$Elevated # internal: set by the self-elevation relaunch ) # Keep the self-elevated window open so the user can read the output. function Wait-IfElevatedWindow { if ($Elevated) { Read-Host "Press Enter to close" | Out-Null } } # Without this, an unhandled error closes the self-elevated window before # the user can read the message. trap { Write-Host "ERROR: $_" -ForegroundColor Red Wait-IfElevatedWindow # Under `irm | iex` this runs inside the user's own session, where `exit` # would close their console - rethrow so only the piped script stops. if ($PSCommandPath) { exit 1 } break } # Mode switches forwarded on every relaunch (the irm|iex bootstrap rerun below # and the self-elevation later) - one list so neither path can silently drop one. function Get-ForwardedSwitchList { $a = @() if ($Status) { $a += '-Status' } if ($Undo) { $a += '-Undo' } $a } # Launched via `irm <url> | iex` - no file on disk. The undo file is written # next to the script, so a stable path is required: save the script to the # user profile (not TEMP - the undo file must survive automatic temp cleanup) # and rerun it from there (the rerun handles elevation). if (-not $PSCommandPath) { # The piped text is not recoverable from inside iex ($MyInvocation there # holds the caller's command line, not the script body) - download the # script. try { $body = Invoke-RestMethod 'https://github.com/vadyaravadim/cpu-parking-disabler/releases/latest/download/cpu-parking-disabler.ps1' -TimeoutSec 30 -ErrorAction Stop } catch { Write-Host "ERROR: could not download the script ($($_.Exception.Message)). Check your internet connection, or save the script to a file and run it from there." -ForegroundColor Red return } $saved = Join-Path $env:USERPROFILE 'cpu-parking-disabler.ps1' if ((Test-Path $saved) -and ([IO.File]::ReadAllText($saved) -cne $body)) { Copy-Item $saved "$saved.bak" -Force -ErrorAction Stop Write-Host "Existing $saved differs - previous copy kept as $saved.bak" -ForegroundColor Yellow } # UTF8Encoding($false) = no BOM: a BOM would break a later `irm | iex` of # the saved copy and violates the ASCII/no-BOM invariant the repo enforces. [IO.File]::WriteAllText($saved, $body, [Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false)) Write-Host "Script saved to: $saved (the undo file will be written next to it)" -ForegroundColor Cyan # @(): a single forwarded switch unrolls to a scalar, and splatting a # scalar string breaks powershell.exe -File switch binding. $fwd = @(Get-ForwardedSwitchList) powershell -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File $saved @fwd # The rerun's exit code stays in $LASTEXITCODE for scripted callers. return } # ---- Helpers ---- # powercfg reports failure by exit code and writes the reason to stderr. Under # Windows PowerShell 5.1 a stderr line captured with 2>&1 becomes a terminating # error while $ErrorActionPreference is Stop, so the call runs with Continue # and the caller decides what a failure means (absent setting vs. real error). function Invoke-Powercfg([string[]]$ArgumentList) { $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue' $out = & powercfg @ArgumentList 2>&1 [pscustomobject]@{ Ok = ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0); Text = (@($out | ForEach-Object { "$_" }) -join "`n") } } # $null when powercfg does not know the setting. # /qh includes hidden settings, so this works before the registry unhide too. # Labels are localized on non-English Windows, so they are not matched: the # last two hex values of the block are AC then DC on every locale. function Get-PowerSettingValue([string]$Setting, [string]$Scheme = 'SCHEME_CURRENT') { $r = Invoke-Powercfg @('/qh', $Scheme, 'SUB_PROCESSOR', $Setting) if (-not $r.Ok) { return $null } $hex = @([regex]::Matches($r.Text, '0x([0-9a-fA-F]{8})') | ForEach-Object { [Convert]::ToInt32($_.Groups[1].Value, 16) }) if ($hex.Count -lt 2) { throw "unexpected powercfg output for $Setting`n$($r.Text)" } [pscustomobject]@{ AC = $hex[-2]; DC = $hex[-1] } } function Set-PowerSettingValue([string]$Setting, [Nullable[int]]$AC, [Nullable[int]]$DC, [string]$Scheme = 'SCHEME_CURRENT') { foreach ($call in @(@('/setacvalueindex', $AC), @('/setdcvalueindex', $DC))) { if ($null -eq $call[1]) { continue } $r = Invoke-Powercfg @($call[0], $Scheme, 'SUB_PROCESSOR', $Setting, $call[1]) if (-not $r.Ok) { throw "powercfg $($call[0]) $Setting failed: $($r.Text)" } } } $ProcessorSubgroup = '54533251-82be-4824-96c1-47b60b740d00' $UserPowerSchemesKey = 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Power\User\PowerSchemes' $UserIndexValue = @{ AC = 'ACSettingIndex'; DC = 'DCSettingIndex' } # A hidden processor setting can be ignored by the OS even after powercfg # writes it, so Attributes = 0 comes BEFORE any write. Idempotent; the # settings stay visible in Power Options afterwards, which is harmless. $PowerSettingsKey = "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Power\PowerSettings\$ProcessorSubgroup" function Show-PowerSetting([string]$Guid) { Set-ItemProperty -Path (Join-Path $PowerSettingsKey $Guid) -Name Attributes -Value 0 -Type DWord } function Get-UserPowerSettingKey([string]$Scheme, [string]$Guid) { "$UserPowerSchemesKey\$Scheme\$ProcessorSubgroup\$Guid" } function Get-UserPowerSettingIndex([string]$Scheme, [string]$Guid) { $item = Get-ItemProperty -LiteralPath (Get-UserPowerSettingKey $Scheme $Guid) -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue [pscustomobject]@{ AC = $item.($UserIndexValue.AC); DC = $item.($UserIndexValue.DC) } } function Remove-UserPowerSettingIndex([string]$Scheme, [string]$Guid, [string]$Side) { try { Remove-ItemProperty -LiteralPath (Get-UserPowerSettingKey $Scheme $Guid) -Name $UserIndexValue[$Side] -ErrorAction Stop } catch [System.Management.Automation.PSArgumentException], [System.Management.Automation.ItemNotFoundException] { Write-Verbose "$($UserIndexValue[$Side]) of $Guid on $Scheme was already gone" } } # Language-independent, unlike the '\Processor Information(*)\Parking Status' # counter path, which is localized on non-English Windows. Instance names are # "group,index"; the _Total rows are skipped. $null when the performance # counters are disabled or corrupt on this system. function Get-ParkedCoreCount { $rows = @(Get-CimInstance Win32_PerfFormattedData_Counters_ProcessorInformation -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object { $_.Name -match '^\d+,\d+$' }) if (-not $rows.Count) { return $null } [pscustomobject]@{ Parked = @($rows | Where-Object { $_.ParkingStatus -eq 1 }).Count; Total = $rows.Count } } function Format-ParkedCount($Count) { if ($null -eq $Count) { return 'unavailable (performance counters are disabled on this system)' } '{0} of {1}' -f $Count.Parked, $Count.Total } function Get-ActiveScheme { $r = Invoke-Powercfg @('/getactivescheme') if (-not $r.Ok) { throw "powercfg /getactivescheme failed: $($r.Text)" } [pscustomobject]@{ Guid = [regex]::Match($r.Text, '[0-9a-fA-F-]{36}').Value Name = [regex]::Match($r.Text, '\(([^)]+)\)\s*$').Groups[1].Value } } function Get-X3DParkingNote([string]$Name, [int]$Cores) { if ($Name -notmatch 'X3D' -or $Cores -lt 12) { return $null } $cpuName = $Name.Trim() if ($Name -match 'X3D2') { return [pscustomobject]@{ Prompt = $false Text = "NOTE: $cpuName has 3D V-Cache on both CCDs, so keeping every core awake cannot move a game off the cache." } } [pscustomobject]@{ Prompt = $true Text = "NOTE: $cpuName has 3D V-Cache on one of its two CCDs. In Windows Game Mode, which the Xbox Game Bar turns on when it detects a game, AMD's chipset driver parks the other CCD so the game stays on the cache. Keeping every core awake defeats that, and games can run slower." } } # Rows are skipped when powercfg does not know the setting. Class 1 being # there says nothing about the CPU: Windows ships the efficiency-class # settings on every CPU and ignores them where there is no such class. $settingDefs = @( [pscustomobject]@{ Name = 'CPMINCORES'; Guid = '0cc5b647-c1df-4637-891a-dec35c318583'; Target = 100; Label = 'core parking min cores, E-cores / all cores' } [pscustomobject]@{ Name = 'CPMINCORES1'; Guid = '0cc5b647-c1df-4637-891a-dec35c318584'; Target = 100; Label = 'core parking min cores, P-cores on hybrid CPUs' } [pscustomobject]@{ Name = 'PERFEPP'; Guid = '36687f9e-e3a5-4dbf-b1dc-15eb381c6863'; Target = 0; Label = 'energy performance preference, E-cores / all cores' } [pscustomobject]@{ Name = 'PERFEPP1'; Guid = '36687f9e-e3a5-4dbf-b1dc-15eb381c6864'; Target = 0; Label = 'energy performance preference, P-cores on hybrid CPUs' } ) function New-UndoSnapshot($Scheme, $Settings) { [ordered]@{ Scheme = $Scheme.Guid SchemeName = $Scheme.Name Values = @(foreach ($s in $Settings) { $user = Get-UserPowerSettingIndex $Scheme.Guid $s.Guid [ordered]@{ Setting = $s.Name; AC = $s.AC; DC = $s.DC; UserAC = ($null -ne $user.AC); UserDC = ($null -ne $user.DC) } }) } } function Restore-UndoSnapshot($Snapshot) { foreach ($v in $Snapshot.Values) { $guid = ($settingDefs | Where-Object Name -eq $v.Setting).Guid $flagged = $null -ne $v.PSObject.Properties['UserAC'] $write = @{} $shown = @{} foreach ($side in 'AC', 'DC') { if (-not $flagged -or $v."User$side") { $write[$side] = $v.$side $shown[$side] = '{0,3}' -f $v.$side } else { $shown[$side] = 'Windows default' } } Show-PowerSetting $guid Set-PowerSettingValue $v.Setting $write.AC $write.DC $Snapshot.Scheme foreach ($side in 'AC', 'DC') { if (-not $write.ContainsKey($side)) { Remove-UserPowerSettingIndex $Snapshot.Scheme $guid $side } } Write-Host (" [OK ] {0,-12} AC {1} DC {2}" -f $v.Setting, $shown.AC, $shown.DC) -ForegroundColor Green } # Re-reads the active scheme so the restored values take effect right away. $r = Invoke-Powercfg @('/setactive', 'SCHEME_CURRENT') if (-not $r.Ok) { throw "powercfg /setactive failed: $($r.Text)" } } if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -ne '.') { # Only now: under `irm | iex` the block above runs in the caller's own session, # where Stop would stay behind in their console after the script is done. $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' # ---- Everything below -Status writes power settings: Administrator required ---- $principal = New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal( [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()) if (-not $Status -and -not $principal.IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)) { Write-Host "Not running as Administrator. Requesting elevation..." -ForegroundColor Yellow try { $argList = @('-NoProfile', '-ExecutionPolicy', 'Bypass', '-File', "`"$PSCommandPath`"", '-Elevated') + (Get-ForwardedSwitchList) Start-Process -FilePath 'powershell.exe' -ArgumentList $argList -Verb RunAs } catch { # Not always a refusal (UAC service disabled, ...) - show the real cause. Write-Host "ERROR: elevation failed ($($_.Exception.Message)). Run this script as Administrator." -ForegroundColor Red Read-Host "Press Enter to close" | Out-Null } return } # Read from this file's own PSScriptInfo block - the one place the version # lives. 0.0.0 is the committed placeholder: a clone or ZIP of main, not a # release. $version = [regex]::Match((Get-Content -LiteralPath $PSCommandPath -Raw), '(?m)^\.VERSION\s+(\S+)').Groups[1].Value $version = if ($version -eq '0.0.0') { 'dev build' } else { "v$version" } Write-Host "" Write-Host "===================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host " CPU PARKING DISABLER $version" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "===================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "" # ---- Undo mode ---- if ($Undo -and -not $Status) { # Sort by the name stamp - LastWriteTime survives renames and can mislead. $undoFile = Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $PSScriptRoot -Filter 'parking_undo_*.json' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch '\.applied\.json$' } | Sort-Object Name | Select-Object -Last 1 if (-not $undoFile) { Write-Host "No parking_undo_*.json found next to the script - nothing to undo." -ForegroundColor Yellow Wait-IfElevatedWindow; return } $snap = Get-Content -LiteralPath $undoFile.FullName -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json Write-Host "Reverting: $($undoFile.Name)" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "Power scheme : $($snap.SchemeName) ($($snap.Scheme))" # Written to the scheme that was changed, not whatever is active now - the # user may have switched schemes since. Unhide first, as on apply: a major # Windows update can hide the settings again. Restore-UndoSnapshot $snap Rename-Item -LiteralPath $undoFile.FullName ($undoFile.FullName -replace '\.json$', '.applied.json') if ((Get-ActiveScheme).Guid -ne $snap.Scheme) { Write-Host "That scheme is not the active one - the restored values take effect when you switch back to it." -ForegroundColor Yellow } $remaining = @(Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $PSScriptRoot -Filter 'parking_undo_*.json' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch '\.applied\.json$' }) if ($remaining.Count) { Write-Host "$($remaining.Count) older undo file(s) remain - run -Undo again to revert earlier runs." -ForegroundColor Yellow } # The kernel re-evaluates parking within a few hundred ms of the scheme change. Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 1000 Write-Host "" Write-Host "Parked cores : $(Format-ParkedCount (Get-ParkedCoreCount))" Write-Host "Done." -ForegroundColor Green Wait-IfElevatedWindow; return } # ---- Current state ---- $cpu = Get-CimInstance Win32_Processor | Select-Object -First 1 $scheme = Get-ActiveScheme $parkedBefore = Get-ParkedCoreCount $settings = @(foreach ($d in $settingDefs) { $v = Get-PowerSettingValue $d.Name if ($null -ne $v) { $d | Add-Member NoteProperty AC $v.AC -PassThru | Add-Member NoteProperty DC $v.DC -PassThru | Add-Member NoteProperty Ok (($v.AC -eq $d.Target) -and ($v.DC -eq $d.Target)) -PassThru } }) $x3dNote = Get-X3DParkingNote $cpu.Name $cpu.NumberOfCores $parkedColor = if ($null -eq $parkedBefore) { 'Yellow' } elseif ($parkedBefore.Parked) { 'Red' } else { 'Green' } Write-Host ("CPU : {0} ({1} cores / {2} threads)" -f $cpu.Name.Trim(), $cpu.NumberOfCores, $cpu.NumberOfLogicalProcessors) Write-Host "Power scheme : $($scheme.Name)" Write-Host "Parked cores : " -NoNewline Write-Host (Format-ParkedCount $parkedBefore) -ForegroundColor $parkedColor Write-Host "" Write-Host (" {0,-12} {1,4} {2,4} {3,6}" -f 'Setting', 'AC', 'DC', 'Target') -ForegroundColor DarkGray foreach ($s in $settings) { $mark = if ($s.Ok) { 'ok' } else { '->' } Write-Host (" {0,-12} {1,4} {2,4} {3,6} {4} ({5})" -f $s.Name, $s.AC, $s.DC, $s.Target, $mark, $s.Label) -ForegroundColor $(if ($s.Ok) { 'DarkGray' } else { 'Yellow' }) } Write-Host "" if ($x3dNote) { Write-Host $x3dNote.Text -ForegroundColor Yellow Write-Host "" } if ($Status) { Wait-IfElevatedWindow; return } # Nothing to change -> no undo file: a repeat-run snapshot would record the # already-tweaked state, and the next -Undo would "revert" to it instead of # the original. if (-not ($settings | Where-Object { -not $_.Ok })) { Write-Host "All values already at target - nothing to do, no undo file written." -ForegroundColor Green Wait-IfElevatedWindow return } if ($x3dNote.Prompt) { $answer = Read-Host "Continue anyway? [y/N]" if ($answer -notmatch '^y') { Write-Host "Nothing changed." -ForegroundColor Green Wait-IfElevatedWindow; return } Write-Host "" } # ---- Undo file: the CURRENT values of every setting, BEFORE changing anything ---- # The suffix loop keeps two runs within the same second from clobbering # each other's undo file. $base = Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd_HHmmss' $stamp = $base $n = 1 while (Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot "parking_undo_$stamp.json")) { $stamp = '{0}_{1}' -f $base, $n++ } $undoPath = Join-Path $PSScriptRoot "parking_undo_$stamp.json" ConvertTo-Json (New-UndoSnapshot $scheme $settings) -Depth 4 | Set-Content -LiteralPath $undoPath -Encoding UTF8 Write-Host "Undo file saved: $undoPath (revert with -Undo)" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "" # ---- Apply ---- Write-Host "Applying..." foreach ($s in $settings) { Show-PowerSetting $s.Guid Set-PowerSettingValue $s.Name $s.Target $s.Target Write-Host (" [OK ] {0,-12} AC {1,3} -> {2,-3} DC {3,3} -> {4}" -f $s.Name, $s.AC, $s.Target, $s.DC, $s.Target) -ForegroundColor Green } $r = Invoke-Powercfg @('/setactive', 'SCHEME_CURRENT') if (-not $r.Ok) { throw "powercfg /setactive failed: $($r.Text)" } # The kernel re-evaluates parking within a few hundred ms of the scheme change. Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 1000 $parkedAfter = Get-ParkedCoreCount Write-Host "" Write-Host "===================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host " DONE" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "===================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host "" Write-Host "Parked cores : " -NoNewline Write-Host (Format-ParkedCount $parkedBefore) -ForegroundColor $parkedColor -NoNewline Write-Host " -> " -NoNewline Write-Host (Format-ParkedCount $parkedAfter) -ForegroundColor $(if ($null -eq $parkedAfter) { 'Yellow' } elseif ($parkedAfter.Parked) { 'Red' } else { 'Green' }) Write-Host "" Write-Host "Applied to power scheme '$($scheme.Name)':" Write-Host " - CPU parking: DISABLED (no core is parked)" Write-Host " - EPP: 0 (max performance)" # DC is set too, so on a laptop the battery profile changes. A note, not a # prompt or a skip: an always-plugged-in gaming laptop may want exactly this. if (Get-CimInstance Win32_Battery) { Write-Host " - Battery profile too: this laptop will drain faster and run warmer unplugged" -ForegroundColor Yellow } Write-Host "" # Full path and -ExecutionPolicy Bypass: this window usually sits in System32 # (elevated relaunch), and a bare .\script.ps1 is blocked by the default policy. Write-Host "Revert any time with: powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$PSCommandPath`" -Undo" -ForegroundColor DarkGray Write-Host "" Write-Host "Useful? A star on GitHub helps others find it: https://github.com/vadyaravadim/cpu-parking-disabler" Wait-IfElevatedWindow } |