functions/Test-SqlConnection.ps1

Function Test-SqlConnection
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Exported function. Tests a the connection to a single instance and shows the output.
 
.DESCRIPTION
Tests a the connection to a single instance and shows the output.
 
.PARAMETER SqlServer
The SQL Server Instance to test connection against
 
.PARAMETER SqlCredential
Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins as opposed to Windows Auth/Integrated/Trusted. To use:
   
$scred = Get-Credential, then pass $scred object to the -SqlCredential parameter.
  
Windows Authentication will be used if SqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user.
 
 
.EXAMPLE
Test-SqlConnection sql01
 
Sample output:
 
Local PowerShell Enviornment
 
Windows : 10.0.10240.0
PowerShell : 5.0.10240.16384
CLR : 4.0.30319.42000
SMO : 13.0.0.0
DomainUser : True
RunAsAdmin : False
 
SQL Server Connection Information
 
ServerName : sql01
BaseName : sql01
InstanceName : (Default)
AuthType : Windows Authentication (Trusted)
ConnectingAsUser : ad\dba
ConnectSuccess : True
SqlServerVersion : 12.0.2370
AddlConnectInfo : N/A
RemoteServer : True
IPAddress : 10.0.1.4
NetBIOSname : SQLSERVER2014A
RemotingAccessible : True
Pingable : True
DefaultSQLPortOpen : True
RemotingPortOpen : True
 
 
.NOTES
Tags: CIM
Original Author: Chrissy LeMaire
dbatools PowerShell module (https://dbatools.io, clemaire@gmail.com)
Copyright (C) 2016 Chrissy LeMaire
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
#>
    
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlInstance")]
        [object]$SqlServer,
        [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$SqlCredential
    )
    
    
    # Get local enviornment
    Write-Output "Getting local enivornment information"
    $localinfo = @{ } | Select-Object Windows, PowerShell, CLR, SMO, DomainUser, RunAsAdmin
    $localinfo.Windows = [environment]::OSVersion.Version.ToString()
    $localinfo.PowerShell = $PSVersionTable.PSversion.ToString()
    $localinfo.CLR = $PSVersionTable.CLRVersion.ToString()
    $smo = (([AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | Where-Object { $_.Fullname -like "Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO,*" }).FullName -Split ", ")[1]
    $localinfo.SMO = $smo.TrimStart("Version=")
    $localinfo.DomainUser = $env:computername -ne $env:USERDOMAIN
    $localinfo.RunAsAdmin = ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole] "Administrator")
    
    # SQL Server
    if ($SqlServer.GetType() -eq [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server]) { $SqlServer = $SqlServer.Name.ToString() }
    
    $serverinfo = @{ } | Select-Object ServerName, BaseName, InstanceName, AuthType, ConnectingAsUser, ConnectSuccess, SqlServerVersion, AddlConnectInfo, RemoteServer, IPAddress, NetBIOSname, RemotingAccessible, Pingable, DefaultSQLPortOpen, RemotingPortOpen
    
    $serverinfo.ServerName = $sqlserver
    
    [regex]$portdetection = ":\d{1,5}$"
    if ($sqlserver.LastIndexOf(":") -ne -1)
    {
        $portnumber = $sqlserver.substring($sqlserver.LastIndexOf(":"))
        if ($portnumber -match $portdetection)
        {
            $replacedportseparator = $portnumber -replace ":", ","
            $sqlserver = $sqlserver -replace $portnumber, $replacedportseparator
        }
    }
    
    Write-Output "Determining SQL Server base address"
    $baseaddress = $sqlserver.Split(",")[0]
    $baseaddress = $baseaddress.Split("\")[0]
    try { $instance = $sqlserver.Split("\")[1] }
    catch { $instance = "(Default)" }
    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($instance)) { $instance = "(Default)" }
    
    if ($baseaddress -eq "." -or $baseaddress -eq $env:COMPUTERNAME)
    {
        $ipaddr = "."
        $hostname = $env:COMPUTERNAME
        $baseaddress = $env:COMPUTERNAME
    }
    
    $serverinfo.BaseName = $baseaddress
    $remote = $baseaddress -ne $env:COMPUTERNAME
    $serverinfo.InstanceName = $instance
    $serverinfo.RemoteServer = $remote
    
    Write-Output "Resolving IP address"
    try
    {
        $hostentry = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($baseaddress)
        $ipaddr = ($hostentry.AddressList | Where-Object { $_ -notlike '169.*' } | Select-Object -First 1).IPAddressToString
    }
    catch { $ipaddr = "Unable to resolve" }
    
    $serverinfo.IPAddress = $ipaddr
    
    Write-Output "Resolving NetBIOS name"
    try
    {
        $sessionoptions = New-CimSessionOption -Protocol DCOM
        $CIMsession = New-CimSession -ComputerName $ipaddr -SessionOption $sessionoption -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Credential $SqlCredential
        $hostname = (Get-CimInstance -CimSession $CIMsession -ClassName Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -Filter "IPEnabled=TRUE").PSComputerName

        if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($hostname)) { $hostname = (nbtstat -A $ipaddr | Where-Object { $_ -match '\<00\> UNIQUE' } | ForEach-Object { $_.SubString(4, 14) }).Trim() }
    }
    catch { $hostname = "Unknown" }
    
    $serverinfo.NetBIOSname = $hostname
    
    
    if ($remote -eq $true)
    {
        # Test for WinRM #Test-WinRM neh
        Write-Output "Checking remote acccess"
        winrm id -r:$hostname 2>$null | Out-Null
        if ($LastExitCode -eq 0) { $remoting = $true }
        else { $remoting = $false }
        
        $serverinfo.RemotingAccessible = $remoting
        
        Write-Output "Testing raw socket connection to PowerShell remoting port"
        $tcp = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient
        try
        {
            $tcp.Connect($baseaddress, 135)
            $tcp.Close()
            $tcp.Dispose()
            $remotingport = $true
        }
        catch { $remotingport = $false }
        
        $serverinfo.RemotingPortOpen = $remotingport
    }
    
    # Test Connection first using Test-Connection which requires ICMP access then failback to tcp if pings are blocked
    Write-Output "Testing ping to $baseaddress"
    $testconnect = Test-Connection -ComputerName $baseaddress -Count 1 -Quiet
    
    $serverinfo.Pingable = $testconnect
    
    # SQL Server connection
    
    if ($instance -eq "(Default)")
    {
        Write-Output "Testing raw socket connection to default SQL port"
        $tcp = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient
        try
        {
            $tcp.Connect($baseaddress, 1433)
            $tcp.Close()
            $tcp.Dispose()
            $sqlport = $true
        }
        catch { $sqlport = $false }
        $serverinfo.DefaultSQLPortOpen = $sqlport
    }
    else { $serverinfo.DefaultSQLPortOpen = "N/A" }
    
    $server = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server $SqlServer
    
    try
    {
        if ($SqlCredential -ne $null)
        {
            $username = ($SqlCredential.username).TrimStart("\")

            if ($username -like "*\*")
            {
                $username = $username.Split("\")[1]
                $authtype = "Windows Authentication with Credential"
                $server.ConnectionContext.LoginSecure = $true
                $server.ConnectionContext.ConnectAsUser = $true
                $server.ConnectionContext.ConnectAsUserName = $username
                $server.ConnectionContext.ConnectAsUserPassword = ($SqlCredential).GetNetworkCredential().Password
            }
            else
            {
                $authtype = "SQL Authentication"
                $server.ConnectionContext.LoginSecure = $false
                $server.ConnectionContext.set_Login($username)
                $server.ConnectionContext.set_SecurePassword($SqlCredential.Password)
            }
        }
        else
        {
            $authtype = "Windows Authentication (Trusted)"
            $username = "$env:USERDOMAIN\$env:username"
        }
    }
    catch
    {
        Write-Exception $_
        $authtype = "Windows Authentication (Trusted)"
        $username = "$env:USERDOMAIN\$env:username"
    }
    
    $serverinfo.ConnectingAsUser = $username
    $serverinfo.AuthType = $authtype
    
    
    Write-Output "Attempting to connect to $SqlServer as $username "
    try
    {
        $server.ConnectionContext.ConnectTimeout = 10
        $server.ConnectionContext.Connect()
        $connectSuccess = $true
        $version = $server.Version.ToString()
        $addlinfo = "N/A"
        $server.ConnectionContext.Disconnect()
    }
    catch
    {
        $connectSuccess = $false
        $version = "N/A"
        $addlinfo = $_.Exception
    }
    
    $serverinfo.ConnectSuccess = $connectSuccess
    $serverinfo.SqlServerVersion = $version
    $serverinfo.AddlConnectInfo = $addlinfo
    
    Write-Output "`nLocal PowerShell Enviornment"
    $localinfo | Select-Object Windows, PowerShell, CLR, SMO, DomainUser, RunAsAdmin
    
    Write-Output "SQL Server Connection Information`n"
    $serverinfo | Select-Object ServerName, BaseName, InstanceName, AuthType, ConnectingAsUser, ConnectSuccess, SqlServerVersion, AddlConnectInfo, RemoteServer, IPAddress, NetBIOSname, RemotingAccessible, Pingable, DefaultSQLPortOpen, RemotingPortOpen
    
}