functions/Test-DbaBackupInformation.ps1

function Test-DbaBackupInformation {
    <#
        .SYNOPSIS
            Tests a dbatools backup history object is correct for restoring
 
        .DESCRIPTION
            Normally takes in a backup history object from Format-DbaBackupInformation
 
            This is then parse to check that it's valid for restore. Tests performed include:
                Checking unbroken LSN chain
                if the target database exists and WithReplace has been provided
                if any files already exist, but owned by other databases
                Creates any new folders required
                That the backup files exists at the location specified, and can be seen by the Sql Instance
 
            if no errors are found then the objects for that database will me marked as Verified.
 
        .PARAMETER BackupHistory
            dbatools BackupHistory object. Normally this will have been process with Select- and then Format-DbaBackupInformation
 
        .PARAMETER SqlInstance
            The Sql Server instance that wil be performing the restore
 
        .PARAMETER SqlCredential
            A Sql Credential to connect to $SqlInstance
 
        .PARAMETER WithReplace
            By default we won't overwrite an existing database, this switch tells us you want to
 
        .PARAMETER Continue
            Switch to indicate a continuing restore
 
        .PARAMETER EnableException
            By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message.
            This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting.
            Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch.
 
        .PARAMETER VerifyOnly
            This switch indicates that you only wish to verify a restore, so runs a smaller number of tests as you won't be writing anything to the restore server
 
        .PARAMETER WhatIf
            Shows what would happen if the cmdlet runs. The cmdlet is not run.
 
        .PARAMETER Confirm
            Prompts you for confirmation before running the cmdlet.
 
        .NOTES
            Tags: Backup, Restore, DisasterRecovery
            Author: Stuart Moore (@napalmgram stuart-moore.com )
 
            Website: https://dbatools.io
            Copyright: (C) Chrissy LeMaire, clemaire@gmail.com
            License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
 
        .LINK
            https://dbatools.io/Test-DbaBackupInformation
 
        .EXAMPLE
            $BackupHistory | Test-DbaBackupInformation -SqlInstance MyInstance
 
            $PassedDbs = $BackupHistory | Where-Object {$_.IsVerified -eq $True}
            $FailedDbs = $BackupHistory | Where-Object {$_.IsVerified -ne $True}
 
            Pass in a BackupHistory object to be tested against MyInstance.
 
            Those records that pass are marked as verified. We can then use the IsVerified property to divide the failures and successes
    #>

    [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true, ConfirmImpact = "Low")]
    param (
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [object[]]$BackupHistory,
        [Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer")]
        [DbaInstanceParameter]$SqlInstance,
        [PSCredential]$SqlCredential,
        [switch]$WithReplace,
        [switch]$Continue,
        [switch]$VerifyOnly,
        [switch]$EnableException
    )

    begin {
        try {
            $RestoreInstance = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $SqlInstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential
        }
        catch {
            Stop-Function -Message "Failure" -Category ConnectionError -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $instance -Continue
            return
        }
        $InternalHistory = @()
    }
    process {
        foreach ($bh in $BackupHistory) {
            $InternalHistory += $bh
        }
    }
    end {
        $RegisteredFileCheck = Get-DbaDbPhysicalFile -SqlInstance $RestoreInstance

        $Databases = $InternalHistory.Database | Select-Object -Unique
        foreach ($Database in $Databases) {
            $VerificationErrors = 0
            Write-Message -Message "Testing restore for $Database" -Level Verbose
            #Test we're only restoring backups from one database, or hilarity will ensure
            $DbHistory = $InternalHistory | Where-Object {$_.Database -eq $Database}
            if (( $DbHistory | Select-Object -Property OriginalDatabase -Unique ).Count -gt 1) {
                Write-Message -Message "Trying to restore $Database from multiple sources databases" -Level Warning
                $VerificationErrors++
            }
            #Test Db Existance on destination
            $DbCheck = Get-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $RestoreInstance -Database $Database
            # Only do file and db tests if we're not verifing
            Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "VerifyOnly = $VerifyOnly"
            If ($VerifyOnly -ne $true) {
                if ($null -ne $DbCheck -and ($WithReplace -ne $true -and $Continue -ne $true)) {
                    Stop-Function -Message "Database $Database exists, so WithReplace must be specified" -Target $database
                    $VerificationErrors++
                }

                $DBFileCheck = ($RegisteredFileCheck | Where-Object Name -eq $Database).PhysicalName
                $OtherFileCheck = ($RegisteredFileCheck | Where-Object Name -ne $Database).PhysicalName
                $DBHistoryPhysicalPaths = ($DbHistory | Select-Object -ExpandProperty filelist | Select-Object PhysicalName -Unique).PhysicalName
                $DBHistoryPhysicalPathsTest = Test-DbaSqlPath -SqlInstance $RestoreInstance -Path $DBHistoryPhysicalPaths
                $DBHistoryPhysicalPathsExists = ($DBHistoryPhysicalPathsTest | Where-Object FileExists -eq $True).FilePath
                foreach ($path in $DBHistoryPhysicalPaths) {
                    if (($DBHistoryPhysicalPathsTest | Where-Object FilePath -eq $path).FileExists) {
                        if ($path -in $DBFileCheck) {
                            #If the Files are owned by the db we're restoring check for Continue or WithReplace. If not, then report error otherwise just carry on
                            if  ($WithReplace -ne $True -and $Continue -ne $True) {
                                Write-Message -Message "File $path already exists on $SqlInstance and WithReplace not specified, cannot restore" -Level Warning
                                $VerificationErrors++
                            }
                        }
                        elseif ($path -in $OtherFileCheck) {
                            Write-Message -Message "File $path already exists on $SqlInstance and owned by another database, cannot restore" -Level Warning
                            $VerificationErrors++
                        }
                        elseif ($path -in $DBHistoryPhysicalPathsExists) {
                                Write-Message -Message "File $path already exists on $($SqlInstance.ComputerName), not owned by any database in $SqlInstance, will not overwrite." -Level Warning
                                $VerificationErrors++
                        }
                    }
                    else {
                        $ParentPath = Split-Path $path -Parent
                        if (!(Test-DbaSqlPath -SqlInstance $RestoreInstance -Path $ParentPath) ) {
                            $ConfirmMessage = "`n Creating Folder $ParentPath on $SqlInstance `n"
                            if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("$Path on $SqlInstance `n `n", $ConfirmMessage)) {
                                if (New-DbaSqlDirectory -SqlInstance $RestoreInstance -Path $ParentPath) {
                                    Write-Message -Message "Created Folder $ParentPath on $SqlInstance" -Level Verbose
                                }
                                else {
                                    Write-Message -Message "Failed to create $ParentPath on $SqlInstance" -Level Warning
                                    $VerificationErrors++
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            #Test all backups readable
            $allpaths = $DbHistory | Select-Object -ExpandProperty FullName
            $allpaths_validity = Test-DbaSqlPath -SqlInstance $RestoreInstance -Path $allpaths
            foreach ($path in $allpaths_validity) {
                if ($path.FileExists -eq $false) {
                    Write-Message -Message "Backup File $($path.FilePath) cannot be read" -Level Warning
                    $VerificationErrors++
                }
            }
            #Test for LSN chain
            if ($true -ne $Continue) {
                if (!($DbHistory | Test-DbaLsnChain)) {
                    Write-Message -Message "LSN Check failed" -Level Verbose
                    $VerificationErrors++
                }
            }
            if ($VerificationErrors -eq 0) {
                Write-Message -Message "Marking $Database as verified" -Level Verbose
                $InternalHistory | Where-Object {$_.Database -eq $Database} | foreach-Object {$_.IsVerified = $True}
            }
            else {
                Write-Message -Message "Verification errors = $VerificationErrors - Has not Passed" -Level Verbose
            }
        }
        $InternalHistory
    }
}