ds-intune.psm1

<#
.COPYRIGHT
Portions of this are derived from Microsoft content on GitHub at the following URL:
 
https://github.com/microsoftgraph/powershell-intune-samples/blob/master/ManagedDevices/ManagedDevices_Apps_Get.ps1
 
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Licensed under the MIT license.
See LICENSE in the project root for license information.
#>


#region Microsoft GitHub sample code

function Get-AuthToken {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    This function is used to authenticate with the Graph API REST interface
    .DESCRIPTION
    The function authenticate with the Graph API Interface with the tenant name
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-AuthToken
    Authenticates you with the Graph API interface
    .NOTES
    NAME: Get-AuthToken
    #>

    [cmdletbinding()]
    param (
        [parameter(Mandatory)] $User
    )

    $userUpn = New-Object "System.Net.Mail.MailAddress" -ArgumentList $User
    $tenant = $userUpn.Host

    Write-Host "Checking for AzureAD module..."
    $AadModule = Get-Module -Name "AzureAD" -ListAvailable

    if ($null -eq $AadModule) {
        Write-Host "AzureAD PowerShell module not found, looking for AzureADPreview"
        $AadModule = Get-Module -Name "AzureADPreview" -ListAvailable
    }

    if ($null -eq $AadModule) {
        Write-Host
        Write-Host "AzureAD Powershell module not installed..." -f Red
        Write-Host "Install by running 'Install-Module AzureAD' or 'Install-Module AzureADPreview' from an elevated PowerShell prompt" -f Yellow
        Write-Host "Script can't continue..." -f Red
        Write-Host
        exit
    }

    # Getting path to ActiveDirectory Assemblies
    # If the module count is greater than 1 find the latest version

    if ($AadModule.count -gt 1){
        $Latest_Version = ($AadModule | Select-Object version | Sort-Object)[-1]
        $aadModule = $AadModule | Where-Object { $_.version -eq $Latest_Version.version }

        # Checking if there are multiple versions of the same module found
        if($AadModule.count -gt 1){
            $aadModule = $AadModule | Select-Object -Unique
        }
        $adal = Join-Path $AadModule.ModuleBase "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.dll"
        $adalforms = Join-Path $AadModule.ModuleBase "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.Platform.dll"
    }
    else {
        $adal = Join-Path $AadModule.ModuleBase "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.dll"
        $adalforms = Join-Path $AadModule.ModuleBase "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.Platform.dll"
    }

    [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFrom($adal) | Out-Null
    [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFrom($adalforms) | Out-Null

    $clientId = "d1ddf0e4-d672-4dae-b554-9d5bdfd93547"
    $redirectUri = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob"
    $resourceAppIdURI = "https://graph.microsoft.com"
    $authority = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$Tenant"

    try {
        $authContext = New-Object "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.AuthenticationContext" -ArgumentList $authority
        # https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/azure/microsoft.identitymodel.clients.activedirectory.promptbehavior.aspx
        # Change the prompt behaviour to force credentials each time: Auto, Always, Never, RefreshSession
        $platformParameters = New-Object "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.PlatformParameters" -ArgumentList "Auto"
        $userId = New-Object "Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.UserIdentifier" -ArgumentList ($User, "OptionalDisplayableId")
        $authResult = $authContext.AcquireTokenAsync($resourceAppIdURI,$clientId,$redirectUri,$platformParameters,$userId).Result

        # If the accesstoken is valid then create the authentication header
        if ($authResult.AccessToken){
            # Creating header for Authorization token
            $authHeader = @{
                'Content-Type'='application/json'
                'Authorization'="Bearer " + $authResult.AccessToken
                'ExpiresOn'=$authResult.ExpiresOn
            }
            return $authHeader
        }
        else {
            #Write-Host
            Write-Host "Authorization Access Token is null, please re-run authentication..." -ForegroundColor Red
            #Write-Host
            break
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error $_.Exception.Message
        Write-Error $_.Exception.ItemName
        break
    }
}

function Get-DsIntuneAuth {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [parameter(Mandatory)][string] $UserName
    )
    # Checking if authToken exists before running authentication
    if ($global:authToken) {

        # Setting DateTime to Universal time to work in all timezones
        $DateTime = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime()

        # If the authToken exists checking when it expires
        $TokenExpires = ($authToken.ExpiresOn.datetime - $DateTime).Minutes

        if ($TokenExpires -le 0){
            Write-Host "Authentication Token expired" $TokenExpires "minutes ago" -ForegroundColor Yellow
            # Defining Azure AD tenant name, this is the name of your Azure Active Directory (do not use the verified domain name)
            $global:authToken = Get-AuthToken -User $UserName
        }
    }
    else {
        # Authentication doesn't exist, calling Get-AuthToken function
        $global:authToken = Get-AuthToken -User $UserName
    }
}

Function Get-AADUser() {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    This function is used to get AAD Users from the Graph API REST interface
    .DESCRIPTION
    The function connects to the Graph API Interface and gets any users registered with AAD
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-AADUser
    Returns all users registered with Azure AD
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-AADUser -userPrincipleName user@domain.com
    Returns specific user by UserPrincipalName registered with Azure AD
    .NOTES
    NAME: Get-AADUser
    #>

    [cmdletbinding()]
    param (
        [parameter()][string] $userPrincipalName,
        [parameter()][string] $Property
    )
    $graphApiVersion = "v1.0"
    $User_resource = "users"

    try {
        if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($userPrincipalName)) {
            $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$($User_resource)"
            (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get).Value
        }
        else {
            if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Property)) {
                $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$($User_resource)/$userPrincipalName"
                Write-Verbose $uri
                Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get
            }
            else {
                $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$($User_resource)/$userPrincipalName/$Property"
                Write-Verbose $uri
                (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get).Value
            }
        }
    }
    catch {
        $ex = $_.Exception
        $errorResponse = $ex.Response.GetResponseStream()
        $reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($errorResponse)
        $reader.BaseStream.Position = 0
        $reader.DiscardBufferedData()
        $responseBody = $reader.ReadToEnd();
        Write-Host "Response content:`n$responseBody" -f Red
        Write-Error "Request to $Uri failed with HTTP Status $($ex.Response.StatusCode) $($ex.Response.StatusDescription)"
        #Write-Host
        break
    }
}

Function Get-ManagedDevices(){
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    This function is used to get Intune Managed Devices from the Graph API REST interface
    .DESCRIPTION
    The function connects to the Graph API Interface and gets any Intune Managed Device
    .PARAMETER IncludeEAS
    Switch to include EAS devices (not included by default)
    .PARAMETER ExcludeMDM
    Switch to exclude MDM devices (not excluded by default)
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-ManagedDevices
    Returns all managed devices but excludes EAS devices registered within the Intune Service
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-ManagedDevices -IncludeEAS
    Returns all managed devices including EAS devices registered within the Intune Service
    .NOTES
    NAME: Get-ManagedDevices
    #>


    [cmdletbinding()]
    param (
        [parameter()][switch] $IncludeEAS,
        [parameter()][switch] $ExcludeMDM
    )
    $graphApiVersion = "beta"
    $Resource = "deviceManagement/managedDevices"
    try {
        $Count_Params = 0
        if ($IncludeEAS.IsPresent){ $Count_Params++ }
        if ($ExcludeMDM.IsPresent){ $Count_Params++ }
        if ($Count_Params -gt 1) {
            Write-Warning "Multiple parameters set, specify a single parameter -IncludeEAS, -ExcludeMDM or no parameter against the function"
            #Write-Host
            break
        }
        elseif ($IncludeEAS) {
            $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$Resource"
        }
        elseif ($ExcludeMDM) {
            $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$Resource`?`$filter=managementAgent eq 'eas'"
        }
        else {
            $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$Resource`?`$filter=managementAgent eq 'mdm' and managementAgent eq 'easmdm'"
            Write-Warning "EAS Devices are excluded by default, please use -IncludeEAS if you want to include those devices"
            #Write-Host
        }
        $response = (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get)
        $Devices = $response.Value
        $DevicesNextLink = $response."@odata.nextLink"
        while ($DevicesNextLink) {
            $response = (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $DevicesNextLink -Headers $authToken -Method Get)
            $DevicesNextLink = $response."@odata.nextLink"
            $Devices += $response.value 
        }
        $Devices
    }
    catch {
        $ex = $_.Exception
        $errorResponse = $ex.Response.GetResponseStream()
        $reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($errorResponse)
        $reader.BaseStream.Position = 0
        $reader.DiscardBufferedData()
        $responseBody = $reader.ReadToEnd();
        Write-Warning "Response content:`n$responseBody"
        Write-Error "Request to $Uri failed with HTTP Status $($ex.Response.StatusCode) $($ex.Response.StatusDescription)"
        Write-Host
        break
    }
}

#endregion

function Get-DsIntuneDeviceData {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Returns dataset of Intune-managed devices with inventoried apps
    .DESCRIPTION
    Returns dataset of Intune-managed devices with inventoried apps
    .PARAMETER UserName
    UserPrincipalName for authentication request
    .PARAMETER ShowProgress
    Display progress as data is exported (default is silent / no progress shown)
    .PARAMETER Detailed
    Optional expanded list of device properties: Manufacturer, Model, Memory,
    Disk Size, Disk Free, SerialNumber, Ownership, and Category
    .EXAMPLE
    $devices = Get-DsIntuneDeviceData -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com"
    Returns results of online request to variable $devices
    .EXAMPLE
    $devices = Get-DsIntuneDeviceData -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com" -ShowProgress
    Returns results of online request to variable $devices while displaying concurrent progress
    .LINK
    https://github.com/Skatterbrainz/ds-intune/blob/master/docs/Get-DsIntuneDeviceData.md
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [parameter(Mandatory)][string] $UserName,
        [parameter()][switch] $ShowProgress,
        [parameter()][switch] $Detailed
    )
    Get-DsIntuneAuth -UserName $UserName
    $Devices = Get-ManagedDevices
    Write-Host "returned $($Devices.Count) managed devices"
    if ($Devices){
        $dx = 1
        $dcount = $Devices.Count
        foreach ($Device in $Devices){
            if ($ShowProgress) { 
                Write-Progress -Activity "Found $dcount" -Status "$dx of $dcount" -PercentComplete $(($dx/$dcount)*100) -id 1
            }
            $DeviceID = $Device.id
            $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/manageddevices('$DeviceID')?`$expand=detectedApps"
            $DetectedApps = (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get).detectedApps
            $dx++
            if ($Detailed) {
                $disksize  = [math]::Round(($Device.totalStorageSpaceInBytes / 1GB),2)
                $freespace = [math]::Round(($Device.freeStorageSpaceInBytes / 1GB),2)
                $mem       = [math]::Round(($Device.physicalMemoryInBytes / 1GB),2)
                [pscustomobject]@{
                    DeviceName   = $Device.DeviceName
                    DeviceID     = $DeviceID
                    Manufacturer = $Device.manufacturer
                    Model        = $Device.model 
                    MemoryGB     = $mem
                    DiskSizeGB   = $disksize
                    FreeSpaceGB  = $freespace
                    SerialNumber = $Device.serialNumber 
                    OSName       = $Device.operatingSystem 
                    OSVersion    = $Device.osVersion
                    Ownership    = $Device.ownerType
                    Category     = $Device.deviceCategoryDisplayName
                    Apps         = $DetectedApps
                }
            }
            else {
                $disksize  = [math]::Round(($Device.totalStorageSpaceInBytes / 1GB),2)
                $freespace = [math]::Round(($Device.freeStorageSpaceInBytes / 1GB),2)
                [pscustomobject]@{
                    DeviceName   = $Device.DeviceName
                    DeviceID     = $DeviceID
                    OSName       = $Device.operatingSystem 
                    OSVersion    = $Device.osVersion
                    Apps         = $DetectedApps
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else {
        Write-Host "No Intune Managed Devices found..." -f green
        Write-Host
    }
}

function Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps($DataSet) {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Returns App inventory data from Intune Device data set
    .DESCRIPTION
    Returns App inventory data from Intune Device data set
    .PARAMETER DataSet
    Data returned from Get-DsIntuneDeviceData()
    .EXAMPLE
    $devices = Get-DsIntuneDeviceData -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com"
    $applist = Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps -DataSet $devices
    .LINK
    https://github.com/Skatterbrainz/ds-intune/blob/master/docs/Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps.md
    #>

    foreach ($row in $Dataset) {
        $devicename = $row.DeviceName
        if ($null -ne $row.Apps) {
            $apps = $row.Apps
            foreach ($app in $apps) {
                if (![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($app.displayName)) {
                    [pscustomobject]@{
                        DeviceName     = $devicename
                        ProductName    = $app.displayName
                        ProductVersion = $app.version
                        ProductCode    = $app.Id
                    }
                }
            }
        }   
    }
}

Function Get-MsGraphData($Path) {
    <#
    .NOTES
    This function was derived from https://www.dowst.dev/search-intune-for-devices-with-application-installed/
    (Thanks to Matt Dowst)
    #>

    $FullUri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/$Path"
    [System.Collections.Generic.List[PSObject]]$Collection = @()
    $NextLink = $FullUri
    do {
        $Result = Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri $NextLink -Headers $AuthHeader
        if ($Result.'@odata.count') {
            $Result.value | ForEach-Object{$Collection.Add($_)}
        } 
        else {
            $Collection.Add($Result)
        }
        $NextLink = $Result.'@odata.nextLink'
    } while ($NextLink)
    return $Collection
}

function Get-DsIntuneDevicesWithApp {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Returns Intune managed devices having a specified App installed
    .DESCRIPTION
    Returns Intune managed devices having a specified App installed
    .PARAMETER AppDataSet
    Applications dataset returned from Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps().
    If not provided, Devices are queried automatically, which will incur additional time.
    .PARAMETER Application
    Name, or wildcard name, of App to search for
    .PARAMETER UserName
    UserPrincipalName for authentication request
    .PARAMETER ShowProgress
    Display progress during execution (default is silent / no progress shown)
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-DsIntuneDevicesWithApp -Application "*Putty*" -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com"
    Returns list of Intune-managed devices which have any app name containing "Putty" installed
    .EXAMPLE
    Get-DsIntuneDevicesWithApp -Application "*Putty*" -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com" -ShowProgress
    Returns list of Intune-managed devices which have any apps name containing "Putty" installed, and displays progress during execution
    .NOTES
    This function was derived almost entirely from https://www.dowst.dev/search-intune-for-devices-with-application-installed/
    (Thanks to Matt Dowst)
    .LINK
    https://github.com/Skatterbrainz/ds-intune/blob/master/docs/Get-DsIntuneDevicesWithApp.md
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [parameter()] $AppDataSet,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][string] $Application,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][string] $Username,
        [parameter()][switch] $ShowProgress
    )
    # Get authentication token
    $AuthHeader = Get-AuthToken -User $Username

    # Get all devices in Intune
    $AllDevices = Get-MsGraphData "deviceManagement/managedDevices"

    # Get detected app for each device and check for app name
    [System.Collections.Generic.List[PSObject]]$FoundApp = @()
    $wp = 1
    foreach($Device in $AllDevices) {
        if ($ShowProgress) { Write-Progress -Activity "Found $($FoundApp.count)" -Status "$wp of $($AllDevices.count)" -PercentComplete $(($wp/$($AllDevices.count))*100) -id 1 }
        $AppData = Get-MsGraphData "deviceManagement/managedDevices/$($Device.id)?`$expand=detectedApps"
        $DetectedApp = $AppData.detectedApps | Where-Object {$_.displayname -like $Application}
        if ($DetectedApp) {
            $DetectedApp | 
                Select-Object @{l='DeviceName';e={$Device.DeviceName}}, @{l='Application';e={$_.displayname}}, Version, SizeInByte,
                @{l='LastSyncDateTime';e={$Device.lastSyncDateTime}}, @{l='DeviceId';e={$Device.id}} | 
                    Foreach-Object { $FoundApp.Add($_) }
        }
        $wp++
    }
    if ($ShowProgress) { Write-Progress -Activity "Done" -Id 1 -Completed }
    $FoundApp
}

function Get-DsIntuneAppInstallCounts {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Return Applications grouped and sorted by Installation Counts
    .DESCRIPTION
    Return Applications grouped and sorted by Installation Counts in descending order
    .PARAMETER AppDataSet
    Applications dataset returned from Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps()
    .PARAMETER RowCount
    Limit to first (N) rows (default is 0 / returns all rows)
    .EXAMPLE
    $apps = Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps -DataSet $devices
    $top20 = Get-DsIntuneAppInstallCounts -AppDataSet $apps -RowCount 20
    .LINK
    https://github.com/Skatterbrainz/ds-intune/blob/master/docs/Get-DsIntuneAppInstallCounts.md
    #>

    param (
        [parameter()] $AppDataSet,
        [parameter()][int] $RowCount = 0
    )
    try {
        $result = $AppDataSet | Group-Object -Property ProductName,ProductVersion | Select-Object Count,Name | Sort-Object Count -Descending
        if ($RowCount -gt 0) { 
            $result | Select-Object -First $RowCount
        }
        else {
            $result
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

function Export-DsIntuneAppInventory {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Export Intune Device Applications Inventory to Excel Workbook
    .DESCRIPTION
    Export Intune Device Applications Inventory to Excel Workbook
    .PARAMETER DeviceData
    Device data returned from Get-DsIntuneDeviceData(). If not provided, Get-DsIntuneDeviceData() is invoked automatically.
    Passing Device data to -DeviceData can save significant processing time.
    .PARAMETER Title
    Title used for prefix of XLSX filename
    .PARAMETER UserName
    UserPrincipalName for authentication
    .PARAMETER Overwrite
    Replace output file it exists
    .PARAMETER Show
    Open workbook in Excel when completed (requires Excel on host machine)
    .EXAMPLE
    Export-DsIntuneAppInventory -Title "Contoso" -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com" -Overwrite
    Queries devices and applications to generate output file
    .EXAMPLE
    Export-DsIntuneAppInventory -DeviceData $devices -Title "Contoso" -UserName "john.doe@contoso.com" -Overwrite -Show
    Processes existing data ($devices) to generate output file and display the results in Excel when finished
    .NOTES
    Requires PS module ImportExcel
    .LINK
    https://github.com/Skatterbrainz/ds-intune/blob/master/docs/Export-DsIntuneAppInventory.md
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [parameter()] $DeviceData,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][string] $Title,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][string] $UserName,
        [parameter()][switch] $Overwrite,
        [parameter()][switch] $Show
    )
    if (!(Get-Module ImportExcel -ListAvailable)) {
        Write-Warning "This function requires the PowerShell module ImportExcel, which is not installed."
        break
    }
    try {
        $xlFile = "$($env:USERPROFILE)\Documents\$Title`_IntuneDeviceApps_$(Get-Date -f 'yyyy-MM-dd').xlsx"
        if ((Test-Path $xlFile) -and (!$Overwrite)) {
            Write-Warning "Output file exists [$xlFile]. Use -Overwrite to replace."
            break
        }
        $time1 = Get-Date
        if (!$DeviceData) {
            Write-Host "requesting managed devices data from Intune" -ForegroundColor Cyan
            $DeviceData = Get-DsIntuneDeviceData -UserName $UserName -Detailed
        }
        else {
            Write-Warning "device dataset should be derived with [-Detailed] option, to get the full set of properties."
        }
        Write-Host "querying installed applications for each device" -ForegroundColor Cyan
        $applist = Get-DsIntuneDeviceApps -DataSet $DeviceData
        Write-Host "exporting results to file: $xlFile" -ForegroundColor Cyan
        $DeviceData | Select-Object DeviceName,DeviceID,Manufacturer,Model,DiskSizeGB,FreeSpaceGB,SerialNumber,OSName,OSVersion,Ownership,Category |
            Export-Excel -Path $xlFile -WorksheetName "Devices" -ClearSheet -AutoSize -AutoFilter -FreezeTopRow
        $applist | 
            Export-Excel -Path $xlFile -WorksheetName "Applications" -ClearSheet -AutoSize -AutoFilter -FreezeTopRow
        Write-Host "Results saved to: $xlFile" -ForegroundColor Green
        $time2 = Get-Date
        $rt = New-TimeSpan -Start $time1 -End $time2
        Write-Host "total runtime: $($rt.Hours)`:$($rt.Minutes)`:$($rt.Seconds) (hh`:mm`:ss)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
        if ($Show) {
            Start-Process -FilePath "$xlFile"
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

$apiVersion = "2017-01-01-preview"

function GetHeaders {
    param (
        [parameter()][string] $AccessToken,
        [parameter()][switch] $IncludeStatistics,
        [parameter()][switch] $IncludeRender,
        [parameter()][int] $ServerTimeout
    )

    $preferString = "response-v1=true"

    if ($IncludeStatistics) {
        $preferString += ",include-statistics=true"
    }

    if ($IncludeRender) {
        $preferString += ",include-render=true"
    }

    if ($null -ne $ServerTimeout) {
        $preferString += ",wait=$ServerTimeout"
    }

    $headers = @{
        "Authorization" = "Bearer $accessToken";
        "prefer" = $preferString;
        "x-ms-app" = "LogAnalyticsQuery.psm1";
        "x-ms-client-request-id" = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString();
    }

    $headers
}

function CreateObjectView {
    param (
        [parameter()] $data
    )
    # Find the number of entries we'll need in this array
    $count = 0
    foreach ($table in $data.Tables) {
        $count += $table.Rows.Count
    }
    $objectView = New-Object object[] $count
    $i = 0;
    foreach ($table in $data.Tables) {
        foreach ($row in $table.Rows) {
            # Create a dictionary of properties
            $properties = @{}
            for ($columnNum=0; $columnNum -lt $table.Columns.Count; $columnNum++) {
                $properties[$table.Columns[$columnNum].name] = $row[$columnNum]
            }
            # Then create a PSObject from it. This seems to be *much* faster than using Add-Member
            $objectView[$i] = (New-Object PSObject -Property $properties)
            $null = $i++
        }
    }
    $objectView
}

function GetArmHost {
    param(
        [parameter()][string] $environment
    )
    switch ($environment) {
        ""      {$armHost = "management.azure.com"}
        "aimon" {$armHost = "management.azure.com"}
        "int"   {$armHost = "api-dogfood.resources.windows-int.net"}
    }
    $armHost
}

function BuildUri {
    param (
        [parameter()][string] $armHost,
        [parameter()][string] $subscriptionId,
        [parameter()][string] $resourceGroup,
        [parameter()][string] $workspaceName,
        [parameter()][string] $queryParams
    )
    "https://$armHost/subscriptions/$subscriptionId/resourceGroups/$resourceGroup/providers/" + `
        "microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/$workspaceName/api/query?$queryParamString"
}

function GetAccessToken {
    $azureCmdlet = get-command -Name Get-AzureRMContext -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($null -eq $azureCmdlet) {
        $null = Import-Module AzureRM -ErrorAction Stop;
    }
    $AzureContext = & "Get-AzureRmContext" -ErrorAction Stop;
    $authenticationFactory = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Common.Authentication.Factories.AuthenticationFactory
    if ((Get-Variable -Name PSEdition -ErrorAction Ignore) -and ('Core' -eq $PSEdition)) {
        [Action[string]]$stringAction = {param($s)}
        $serviceCredentials = $authenticationFactory.GetServiceClientCredentials($AzureContext, $stringAction)
    } 
    else {
        $serviceCredentials = $authenticationFactory.GetServiceClientCredentials($AzureContext)
    }

    # We can't get a token directly from the service credentials. Instead, we need to make a dummy message which we will ask
    # the serviceCredentials to add an auth token to, then we can take the token from this message.
    $message = New-Object System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage -ArgumentList @([System.Net.Http.HttpMethod]::Get, "http://foobar/")
    $cancellationToken = New-Object System.Threading.CancellationToken
    $null = $serviceCredentials.ProcessHttpRequestAsync($message, $cancellationToken).GetAwaiter().GetResult()
    $accessToken = $message.Headers.GetValues("Authorization").Split(" ")[1] # This comes out in the form "Bearer <token>"

    $accessToken
}

function Invoke-DsLogAnalyticsQuery {
    <#
    .DESCRIPTION
        Invokes a query against the Log Analtyics Query API.
 
    .PARAMETER WorkspaceName
        The name of the Workspace to query against.
 
    .PARAMETER SubscriptionId
        The ID of the Subscription this Workspace belongs to.
 
    .PARAMETER ResourceGroup
        The name of the Resource Group this Workspace belongs to.
 
    .PARAMETER Query
        The query to execute.
 
    .PARAMETER Timespan
        The timespan to execute the query against. This should be an ISO 8601 timespan.
 
    .PARAMETER IncludeTabularView
        If specified, the raw tabular view from the API will be included in the response.
 
    .PARAMETER IncludeStatistics
        If specified, query statistics will be included in the response.
 
    .PARAMETER IncludeRender
        If specified, rendering statistics will be included (useful when querying metrics).
 
    .PARAMETER ServerTimeout
        Specifies the amount of time (in seconds) for the server to wait while executing the query.
 
    .PARAMETER Environment
        Internal use only.
 
    .EXAMPLE
        Invoke-DsLogAnaltyicsQuery -WorkspaceName "ws123" `
            -SubscriptionId 12345678-abcd-efgh-4321-1234abcd5678 `
            -ResourceGroup "my-resourcegroup" `
            -Query "WaaSUpdateStatus | where NeedAttentionStatus==`"Missing multiple security updates`" | render table" `
            -CreateObjectView
 
    .NOTES
        Adapted heavily from Eli Shlomo example at https://www.eshlomo.us/query-azure-log-analytics-data-with-powershell/
 
    .LINK
        https://github.com/Skatterbrainz/ds-intune/blob/master/docs/Invoke-DsLogAnalyticsQuery.md
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [parameter(Mandatory)][string] $WorkspaceName,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][guid] $SubscriptionId,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][string] $ResourceGroup,
        [parameter(Mandatory)][string] $Query,
        [parameter()][string] $Timespan,
        [parameter()][switch] $IncludeTabularView,
        [parameter()][switch] $IncludeStatistics,
        [parameter()][switch] $IncludeRender,
        [parameter()][int] $ServerTimeout,
        [parameter()][string][ValidateSet("", "int", "aimon")] $Environment = ""
    )

    $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

    $accessToken = GetAccessToken
    $armhost = GetArmHost $environment
    $queryParams = @("api-version=$apiVersion")
    $queryParamString = [string]::Join("&", $queryParams)
    $uri = BuildUri $armHost $subscriptionId $resourceGroup $workspaceName $queryParamString

    $body = @{
        "query" = $query;
        "timespan" = $Timespan
    } | ConvertTo-Json

    $headers = GetHeaders $accessToken -IncludeStatistics:$IncludeStatistics -IncludeRender:$IncludeRender -ServerTimeout $ServerTimeout
    $response = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $uri -Body $body -ContentType "application/json" -Headers $headers -Method Post

    if ($response.StatusCode -ne 200 -and $response.StatusCode -ne 204) {
        $statusCode = $response.StatusCode
        $reasonPhrase = $response.StatusDescription
        $message = $response.Content
        throw "Failed to execute query.`nStatus Code: $statusCode`nReason: $reasonPhrase`nMessage: $message"
    }

    $data = $response.Content | ConvertFrom-Json

    $result = New-Object PSObject
    $result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Response -Value $response

    # In this case, we only need the response member set and we can bail out
    if ($response.StatusCode -eq 204) {
        $result
        return
    }

    $objectView = CreateObjectView $data

    $result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Results -Value $objectView

    if ($IncludeTabularView) {
        $result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Tables -Value $data.tables
    }

    if ($IncludeStatistics) {
        $result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Statistics -Value $data.statistics
    }

    if ($IncludeRender) {
        $result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Render -Value $data.render
    }
    $result
}

function Test-DsIntuneUpdate {
    try {
        $chkver = (Find-Module "ds-intune").Version
        $insver = ((Get-Module "ds-intune" | Sort-Object version -Descending).Version)[0] -join '.'
        if ($insver -ne $chkver) {
            Write-Warning "ds-intune $insver is installed. Latest version is $chkver. Use Update-Module ds-intune to update."
        }
        else {
            Write-Host "ds-intune $insver is up to date." -ForegroundColor Gray
        }
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "(ds-intune) unable to check for module updates."
        Write-Error $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

Test-DsIntuneUpdate