pwsh-prelude

0.0.72

src/data.ps1

                                # Nouns with the same singular and plural forms

$SameSingularPlural = @(

  'accommodation'

  'advice'

  'alms'

  'aircraft'

  'aluminum'

  'barracks'

  'bison'

  'binoculars'

  'bourgeois'

  'breadfruit'

  'buffalo'

  'cannon'

  'caribou'

  'chalk'

  'chassis'

  'chinos'

  'clippers'

  'clothing'

  'cod'

  'concrete'

  'corps'

  'correspondence'

  'crossroads'

  'data'

  'deer'

  'doldrums'

  'dungarees'

  'education'

  'eggfruit'

  'elk'

  'equipment'

  'eyeglasses'

  'fish'

  'flares'

  'flour'

  'food'

  'fruit'

  'furniture'

  'gallows'

  'goldfish'

  'grapefruit'

  'greenfly'

  'grouse'

  'haddock'

  'halibut'

  'head'

  'headquarters'

  'help'

  'homework'

  'hovercraft'

  'ides'

  'information'

  'insignia'

  'jackfruit'

  'jeans'

  'knickers'

  'knowledge'

  'kudos'

  'leggings'

  'lego'

  'luggage'

  'mathematics'

  'money'

  'moose'

  'monkfish'

  'mullet'

  'nailclippers'

  'news'

  'nitrogen'

  'offspring'

  'oxygen'

  'pants'

  'pyjamas'

  'passionfruit'

  'pike'

  'pliers'

  'police'

  'premises'

  'reindeer'

  'rendezvous'

  'rice'

  'salmon'

  'scissors'

  'series'

  'shambles'

  'sheep'

  'shellfish'

  'shorts'

  'shrimp'

  'smithereens'

  'spacecraft'

  'species'

  'squid'

  'staff'

  'starfruit'

  'statistics'

  'stone'

  'sugar'

  'swine'

  'tights'

  'tongs'

  'traffic'

  'trousers'

  'trout'

  'tuna'

  'tweezers'

  'wheat'

  'whitebait'

  'wood'

  'you'

)

# Nouns with irregular singular/plural forms

$Irregular = @{

  'child' = 'children'

  'cow' = 'cattle'

  'foot' = 'feet'

  'goose' = 'geese'

  'man' = 'men'

  'mouse' = 'mice'

  'move' = 'moves'

  'person' = 'people'

  'radius' = 'radii'

  'sex' = 'sexes'

  'tooth' = 'teeth'

  'woman' = 'women'

}

function Format-MoneyValue {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Helper function to create human-readable money (USD) values as strings.

  .EXAMPLE

  42 | ConvertTo-MoneyString

  # Returns "$42.00"

  .EXAMPLE

  55000123.50 | ConvertTo-MoneyString -Symbol ¥

  # Returns '¥55,000,123.50'

  .EXAMPLE

  700 | ConvertTo-MoneyString -Symbol £ -Postfix

  # Returns '700.00£'

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [Alias('money')]

  [OutputType([String])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$True)]

    $Value,

    [String] $Symbol = '$',

    [Switch] $AsNumber,

    [Switch] $Postfix

  )

  Process {

    function Get-Magnitude {

      Param($Value)

      [Math]::Log([Math]::Abs($Value), 10)

    }

    switch -Wildcard ($Value.GetType()) {

      'Int*' {

        $Sign = [Math]::Sign($Value)

        $Output = [Math]::Abs($Value).ToString()

        $OrderOfMagnitude = Get-Magnitude $Value

        if ($OrderOfMagnitude -gt 3) {

          $Position = 3

          $Length = $Output.Length

          for ($Index = 1; $Index -le [Math]::Floor($OrderOfMagnitude / 3); $Index++) {

            $Output = $Output | Invoke-InsertString ',' -At ($Length - $Position)

            $Position += 3

          }

        }

        if ($Postfix) {

          "$(if ($Sign -lt 0) { '-' } else { '' })${Output}.00$Symbol"

        } else {

          "$(if ($Sign -lt 0) { '-' } else { '' })$Symbol${Output}.00"

        }

      }

      'Double' {

        $Sign = [Math]::Sign($Value)

        $Output = [Math]::Abs($Value).ToString('#.##')

        $OrderOfMagnitude = Get-Magnitude $Value

        if (($Output | ForEach-Object { $_ -split '\.' } | Select-Object -Skip 1).Length -eq 1) {

          $Output += '0'

        }

        if (($Value - [Math]::Truncate($Value)) -ne 0) {

          if ($OrderOfMagnitude -gt 3) {

            $Position = 6

            $Length = $Output.Length

            for ($Index = 1; $Index -le [Math]::Floor($OrderOfMagnitude / 3); $Index++) {

              $Output = $Output | Invoke-InsertString ',' -At ($Length - $Position)

              $Position += 3

            }

          }

          if ($Postfix) {

            "$(if ($Sign -lt 0) { '-' } else { '' })$Output$Symbol"

          } else {

            "$(if ($Sign -lt 0) { '-' } else { '' })$Symbol$Output"

          }

        } else {

          ($Value.ToString() -as [Int]) | Format-MoneyValue

        }

      }

      'String' {

        $Value = $Value -replace ',', ''

        $Sign = if (([Regex]'\-\$').Match($Value).Success) { -1 } else { 1 }

        if (([Regex]'\$').Match($Value).Success) {

          $Output = (([Regex]'(?<=(\$))[0-9]*\.?[0-9]{0,2}').Match($Value)).Value

        } else {

          $Output = (([Regex]'[\-]?[0-9]*\.?[0-9]{0,2}').Match($Value)).Value

        }

        $Type = if ($Output.Contains('.')) { [Double] } else { [Int] }

        $Output = $Sign * ($Output -as $Type)

        if (-not $AsNumber) {

          $Output = $Output | Format-MoneyValue

        }

        $Output

      }

      Default { throw 'Format-MoneyValue only accepts strings and numbers' }

    }

  }

}

function Get-Plural {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Return plural form of a word

  .EXAMPLE

  'boot' | plural

  # returns 'boots'

  .NOTES

  Adapted from the PHP library, [Text-Statistics](https://github.com/DaveChild/Text-Statistics)

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [Alias('plural')]

  [OutputType([String])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$True)]

    [String] $Word

  )

  Begin {

    $Plural = @(

      ('(quiz)$','${1}zes')

      ('^(ox)$','${1}en')

      ('([m|l])ouse$','${1}ice')

      ('(matr|ind|vert)[i|e]x$','${1}ices')

      ('(x|ch|ss|sh)$','${1}es')

      ('([^aeiouy]|qu)y$','${1}ies')

      ('(hive)$','${1}s')

      ('(?:([^f])fe|([lr])f)$','${1}${2}ves')

      ('(shea|lea|loa|thie)f$','${1}ves')

      ('sis$','ses')

      ('([ti])um$','${1}a')

      ('(tomat|potat|ech|her|vet)o$','${1}oes')

      ('(bu)s$','${1}ses')

      ('(alias)$','${1}es')

      ('(octop)us$','${1}i')

      ('(ax|test)is$','${1}es')

      ('(us)$','${1}es')

      ('s$','s')

    )

  }

  Process {

    switch ($Word.ToLower()) {

      { $_ -in $SameSingularPlural } {

        $Word

        Break

      }

      { $_ -in $Irregular.Keys } {

        $Irregular.$_

        Break

      }

      { $_ -in $Irregular.Values } {

        $Word

        Break

      }

      Default {

        $Result = "${Word}s"

        $Pairs = Invoke-Chunk $Plural -Size 2

        foreach ($Pair in $Pairs) {

          [Regex]$Re,$PluralVersion = $Pair

          if ($Word -match $Re) {

            $Result = $Word -replace $Re,$PluralVersion

            Break

          }

        }

        $Result

      }

    }

  }

}

function Get-Singular {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Return singular form of a word

  .EXAMPLE

  'boots' | singular

  # returns 'boot'

  .NOTES

  Adapted from the PHP library, [Text-Statistics](https://github.com/DaveChild/Text-Statistics)

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [Alias('singular')]

  [OutputType([String])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$True)]

    [String] $Word

  )

  Begin {

    $Singular = @(

      ('(quiz)zes$','${1}')

      ('(matr)ices$','${1}ix')

      ('(vert|ind)ices$','${1}ex')

      ('^(ox)en$','${1}')

      ('(alias)es$','${1}')

      ('(octop|vir)i$','${1}us')

      ('(cris|ax|test)es$','${1}is')

      ('(shoe)s$','${1}')

      ('(o)es$','${1}')

      ('(bus)es$','${1}')

      ('([m|l])ice$','${1}ouse')

      ('(x|ch|ss|sh)es$','${1}')

      ('(m)ovies$','${1}ovie')

      ('(s)eries$','${1}eries')

      ('([^aeiouy]|qu)ies$','${1}y')

      ('([lr])ves$','${1}f')

      ('(tive)s$','${1}')

      ('(hive)s$','${1}')

      ('(li|wi|kni)ves$','${1}fe')

      ('(shea|loa|lea|thie)ves$','${1}f')

      ('(^analy)ses$','${1}sis')

      ('((a)naly|(b)a|(d)iagno|(p)arenthe|(p)rogno|(s)ynop|(t)he)ses$','${1}${2}sis')

      ('([ti])a$','${1}um')

      ('(n)ews$','${1}ews')

      ('(h|bl)ouses$','${1}ouse')

      ('(corpse)s$','${1}')

      ('(us)es$','${1}')

      ('s$','')

    )

  }

  Process {

    switch ($Word.ToLower()) {

      { $_ -in $SameSingularPlural } {

        $Word

        Break

      }

      { $_ -in $Irregular.Keys } {

        $Word

        Break

      }

      { $_ -in $Irregular.Values } {

        ($Irregular | Invoke-ObjectInvert).$_

        Break

      }

      Default {

        $Result = $Word

        $Pairs = Invoke-Chunk $Singular -Size 2

        foreach ($Pair in $Pairs) {

          [Regex]$Re,$SingularVersion = $Pair

          if ($Word -match $Re) {

            $Result = $Word -replace $Re,$SingularVersion

            Break

          }

        }

        $Result

      }

    }

  }

}

function Get-SyllableCount {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Get number of syllables in an English word (used within Get-Readability function)

  .EXAMPLE

  'hello' | Get-SylallableCount

  # returns 2

  .NOTES

  Adapted from Node.js library, [words/syllable](https://github.com/words/syllable#inspiration),

  which was based on the PHP library, [Text-Statistics](https://github.com/DaveChild/Text-Statistics),

  which was inspired by the Perl module, [Lingua::EN::Syllable](https://metacpan.org/pod/Lingua::EN::Syllable)

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [OutputType([Int])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$True)]

    [AllowEmptyString()]

    [String] $Word

  )

  Begin {

    # Match single syllable pre- and suffixes

    $Single = [Regex]'^(?:un|fore|ware|none?|out|post|sub|pre|pro|dis|side|some)|(?:ly|less|some|ful|ers?|ness|cians?|ments?|ettes?|villes?|ships?|sides?|ports?|shires?|[gnst]ion(?:ed|s)?)$'

    # Match double syllable pre- and suffixes

    $Double = [Regex]'^(?:above|anti|ante|counter|hyper|afore|agri|infra|intra|inter|over|semi|ultra|under|extra|dia|micro|mega|kilo|pico|nano|macro|somer)|(?:fully|berry|woman|women|edly|union|((?:[bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxz])|[aeiou])ye?ing)$'

    # Match triple syllabble suffixes

    $Triple = [Regex]'(creations?|ology|ologist|onomy|onomist)$'

    # Counted as two, but should be one

    $SingleSyllabicOne = [Regex]'awe($|d|so)|cia(?:l|$)|tia|cius|cious|[^aeiou]giu|[aeiouy][^aeiouy]ion|iou|sia$|eous$|[oa]gue$|.[^aeiuoycgltdb]{2,}ed$|.ely$|^jua|uai|eau|^busi$|(?:[aeiouy](?:[bcfgklmnprsvwxyz]|ch|dg|g[hn]|lch|l[lv]|mm|nch|n[cgn]|r[bcnsv]|squ|s[chkls]|th)ed$)|(?:[aeiouy](?:[bdfklmnprstvy]|ch|g[hn]|lch|l[lv]|mm|nch|nn|r[nsv]|squ|s[cklst]|th)es$)'

    $SingleSyllabicTwo = [Regex]'[aeiouy](?:[bcdfgklmnprstvyz]|ch|dg|g[hn]|l[lv]|mm|n[cgns]|r[cnsv]|squ|s[cklst]|th)e$'

    # Counted as one, but should be two

    $DoubleSyllabicOne = [Regex]'(?:([^aeiouy])\\1l|[^aeiouy]ie(?:r|s?t)|[aeiouym]bl|eo|ism|asm|thm|dnt|snt|uity|dea|gean|oa|ua|react?|orbed|shred|eings?|[aeiouy]sh?e[rs])$'

    $DoubleSyllabicTwo = [Regex]'creat(?!u)|[^gq]ua[^auieo]|[aeiou]{3}|^(?:ia|mc|coa[dglx].)|^re(app|es|im|us)|(th|d)eist'

    $DoubleSyllabicThree = [Regex]'[^aeiou]y[ae]|[^l]lien|riet|dien|iu|io|ii|uen|[aeilotu]real|real[aeilotu]|iell|eo[^aeiou]|[aeiou]y[aeiou]'

    $DoubleSyllabicFour = [Regex]'[^s]ia'

    # Nouns with problematic syllables

    $Problematic = @{

      'abalone' = 4

      'abare' = 3

      'abbruzzese' = 4

      'abed' = 2

      'aborigine' = 5

      'abruzzese' = 4

      'acreage' = 3

      'adame' = 3

      'adieu' = 2

      'adobe' = 3

      'anemone' = 4

      'anyone' = 3

      'apache' = 3

      'aphrodite' = 4

      'apostrophe' = 4

      'ariadne' = 4

      'cafe' = 2

      'café' = 2

      'calliope' = 4

      'catastrophe' = 4

      'chile' = 2

      'chloe' = 2

      'circe' = 2

      'cliche' = 2

      'cliché' = 2

      'contrariety' = 4

      'coyote' = 3

      'daphne' = 2

      'epitome' = 4

      'eurydice' = 4

      'euterpe' = 3

      'every' = 2

      'everywhere' = 3

      'forever' = 3

      'gethsemane' = 4

      'guacamole' = 4

      'hermione' = 4

      'hyperbole' = 4

      'jesse' = 2

      'jukebox' = 2

      'karate' = 3

      'machete' = 3

      'maybe' = 2

      'naive' = 2

      'newlywed' = 3

      'ninety' = 2

      'penelope' = 4

      'people' = 2

      'persephone' = 4

      'phoebe' = 2

      'pulse' = 1

      'queue' = 1

      'recipe' = 3

      'reptilian' = 4

      'resumé' = 2

      'riverbed' = 3

      'scotia' = 3

      'sesame' = 3

      'shoreline' = 2

      'simile' = 3

      'snuffleupagus' = 5

      'sometimes' = 2

      'syncope' = 3

      'tamale' = 3

      'waterbed' = 3

      'wednesday' = 2

      'viceroyship' = 3

      'yosemite' = 4

      'zoë' = 2

    }

    $NeedToBeFixed = @{ # all counts are (correct - 1)

      'ayo' = 2

      'australian' = 3

      'dionysius' = 5

      'disbursement' = 3

      'discouragement' = 4

      'disenfranchisement' = 5

      'disengagement' = 4

      'disgraceful' = 3

      'diskette' = 2

      'displacement' = 3

      'distasteful' = 3

      'distinctiveness' = 4

      'distraction' = 3

      'geoffrion' = 4

      'mcquaid' = 2

      'mcquaide' = 2

      'mcquaig' = 2

      'mcquain' = 2

      'nonbusiness' = 3

      'nonetheless' = 3

      'nonmanagement' = 4

      'outplacement' = 3

      'outrageously' = 4

      'postponement' = 3

      'preemption' = 3

      'preignition' = 4

      'preinvasion' = 4

      'preisler' = 3

      'preoccupation' = 5

      'prevette' = 2

      'probusiness' = 3

      'procurement' = 3

      'pronouncement' = 3

      'sidewater' = 3

      'sidewinder' = 3

      'ungerer' = 3

    }

    $Apostrophe = [Regex]"['’]"

    $NonAlphabetic = [Regex]'[^a-z]'

    $Count = 0

  }

  Process {

    $Syllables = {

      Param($Word)

      switch ($Word) {

        { $_.Length -eq 0 } {

          0

          Break

        }

        { $_.Length -in 1,2 } {

          1

          Break

        }

        { $_ -in $Problematic.Keys } {

          $Problematic.$_

          Break

        }

        { (Get-Singular $_) -in $Problematic.Keys } {

          $Word = (Get-Singular $_)

          $Problematic.$Word

          Break

        }

        { $_ -in $NeedToBeFixed.Keys } {

          $NeedToBeFixed.$_

          Break

        }

        { (Get-Singular $_) -in $NeedToBeFixed.Keys } {

          $Word = Get-Singular $_

          $NeedToBeFixed.$Word

          Break

        }

        Default {

          $Count += (3 * ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $Triple).Matches.Value.Count)

          $Word = $Word -replace $Triple,''

          $Count += (2 * ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $Double).Matches.Value.Count)

          $Word = $Word -replace $Double,''

          $Count += (1 * ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $Single).Matches.Value.Count)

          $Word = $Word -replace $Single,''

          $Count -= ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $SingleSyllabicOne).Matches.Value.Count

          $Count -= ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $SingleSyllabicTwo).Matches.Value.Count

          $Count += ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $DoubleSyllabicOne).Matches.Value.Count

          $Count += ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $DoubleSyllabicTwo).Matches.Value.Count

          $Count += ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $DoubleSyllabicThree).Matches.Value.Count

          $Count += ($Word | Select-String -Pattern $DoubleSyllabicFour).Matches.Value.Count

          $Count += ($Word -split [Regex]'[^aeiouy]+' | Where-Object { $_ -ne '' }).Count

          $Count

        }

      }

    }

    $TotalSyllables = 0

    $Parts = (($Word -replace $Apostrophe,'') -split '\b')

    foreach ($Part in $Parts) {

      $Part = $Part.ToLower() -replace $NonAlphabetic,''

      $TotalSyllables += (& $Syllables $Part)

    }

    $TotalSyllables

  }

}

function Import-Excel {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Import the rows of an Excel worksheet as a 2-dimensional array

  .PARAMETER ColumnHeaders

  Custom values to be used as header names. Must have same count as Excel data columns.

  .PARAMETER FirstRowHeaders

  Treat first row as headers. Exclude first row cells from Cells and Rows in output.

  Note: When an empty cell is encountered, a placeholder will be used of the form, column<COLUMN NUMBER>

  .PARAMETER Peek

  Return first row of data only. Useful for quickly identifying the shape of the data without importing the entire file.

  #>

  [Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSReviewUnusedParameter', 'EmptyValue')]

  [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessageAttribute('PSAvoidUsingPlainTextForPassword', 'Password')]

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [OutputType([System.Collections.Hashtable])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]

    [String] $Path,

    [String] $WorksheetName,

    [Array] $ColumnHeaders,

    [String] $Password,

    [Switch] $FirstRowHeaders,

    [String] $EmptyValue = 'EMPTY',

    [Switch] $ShowProgress,

    [Switch] $Peek

  )

  $FileName = Resolve-Path $Path

  $Excel = New-Object -ComObject 'Excel.Application'

  $Excel.Visible = $False

  if ($ShowProgress) {

    Write-Progress -Activity 'Importing Excel data' -Status "Loading $FileName"

  }

  $Workbook = if (-not $Password) {

    $Excel.workbooks.open($FileName)

  } else {

    $Excel.workbooks.open($FileName,0,0,$True,$Password)

  }

  $Worksheet = if ($WorksheetName) {

    $Workbook.Worksheets.Item($WorksheetName)

  } else {

    $Workbook.Worksheets(1)

  }

  $RowCount = if ($Peek) { 1 } else { $Worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count }

  $ColumnCount = $Worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count

  $StartIndex = if ($FirstRowHeaders) { 2 } else { 1 }

  $Cells = @()

  for ($RowIndex = $StartIndex; $RowIndex -le $RowCount; $RowIndex++) {

    if ($ShowProgress) {

      Write-Progress -Activity 'Importing Excel data' -Status "Processing row ($RowIndex of ${RowCount})" -PercentComplete (($RowIndex / $RowCount) * 100)

    }

    for ($ColumnIndex = 1; $ColumnIndex -le $ColumnCount; $ColumnIndex++) {

      $Value = $Worksheet.Cells.Item($RowIndex, $ColumnIndex).Value2

      $Element = if ($Null -eq $Value) { $EmptyValue } else { $Value }

      $Cells += $Element

    }

  }

  if ($ShowProgress) {

    Write-Progress -Activity 'Importing Excel data' -Completed

  }

  $Headers = if ($FirstRowHeaders) {

    $RowCount--

    1..$ColumnCount | ForEach-Object {

      $Name = $Worksheet.Cells.Item(1, $_).Value2

      if ($Null -eq $Name) { "column${_}" } else { $Name }

    }

  } elseif ($ColumnHeaders.Count -eq $ColumnCount) {

    $ColumnHeaders

  } else {

    @()

  }

  $Workbook.Close()

  $Excel.Quit()

  @{

    Size = @($RowCount, $ColumnCount)

    Headers = $Headers

    Cells = $Cells

    Rows = $Cells | Invoke-Chunk -Size $ColumnCount

  }

}

function Import-Raw {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Import large files as lines of raw text using StreamReader

  Note: For large files, this function can be 2-10 times faster than Get-Content or Import-Csv

  .PARAMETER Transform

  Function that will be applied to every line.

  .PARAMETER Peek

  Return only the first line.

  .EXAMPLE

  Import-Raw -File 'data.csv' -Transform { Param($Line) $Line -split ',' }

  .EXAMPLE

  Import-Raw 'data.csv' -Peek

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, Position=0)]

    [ValidateScript({ Test-Path $_ })]

    [String] $File,

    [Parameter(Position=1)]

    [ScriptBlock] $Transform,

    [Switch] $Peek

  )

  $Stream = New-Object -Type System.IO.StreamReader -ArgumentList (Get-Item $File)

  do {

    $Line = $Stream.ReadLine()

    if ($Transform) {

      & $Transform $Line

    } else {

      $Line

    }

  } while (-not $Peek -and $Stream.Peek() -ge 0)

  [Void]$Stream.Dispose()

}

function Invoke-Normalize {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Return string with characters with accents replaced with plain UTF-8 counterpart (ex: "á" becomes "a")

  Note: Capitalization is maintained

  .EXAMPLE

  'resumé' | Invoke-Normalize

  # returns "resume"

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [OutputType([String])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$True)]

    $Text

  )

  Begin {

    $CharacterMap = @{

      'ß' = 'ss'

      'à' = 'a'

      'á' = 'a'

      'â' = 'a'

      'ã' = 'a'

      'ä' = 'a'

      'å' = 'a'

      'æ' = 'ae'

      'ç' = 'c'

      'è' = 'e'

      'é' = 'e'

      'ê' = 'e'

      'ë' = 'e'

      'ì' = 'i'

      'í' = 'i'

      'î' = 'i'

      'ï' = 'i'

      'ð' = 'd'

      'ñ' = 'n'

      'ò' = 'o'

      'ó' = 'o'

      'ô' = 'o'

      'õ' = 'o'

      'ö' = 'o'

      'ø' = 'o'

      'ù' = 'u'

      'ú' = 'u'

      'û' = 'u'

      'ü' = 'u'

      'ý' = 'y'

    }

  }

  Process {

    # [Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString([Text.Encoding]::GetEncoding("Cyrillic").GetBytes($Text))

    $Output = $Text

    foreach ($Key in $CharacterMap.Keys) {

      $Output = $Output.Replace($Key, $CharacterMap.$Key).Replace($Key.ToUpper(), $CharacterMap.$Key.ToUpper())

    }

    $Output

  }

}

function Measure-Readability {

  <#

  .SYNOPSIS

  Measure readability of input text.

  .DESCRIPTION

  This function can ingest text and return the minimum school grade level necessary to understand the text.

  The following tests are supported:

  - Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (default)

  - Automated Readability Index (ARI)

  - Coleman-Liau Index (CLI)

  - Gunning Fog Index (GFI)

  - SMOG ("Simple Measure Of Gobbledygook")

  .PARAMETER Type

  Readability test type (ARI, CLI, etc...)

  > Note: The SMOG readability test requires that the input text contains at least 30 sentences.

  .EXAMPLE

  $Text = 'This is a sentence. This is another sentence.'

  $Text | Measure-Readability

  #>

  [CmdletBinding()]

  [OutputType([Int])]

  Param(

    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True, Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$True)]

    [String] $Text,

    [Parameter(Position=1)]

    [ValidateSet('FleschKincaidGradeLevel','ARI','AutomatedReadabilityIndex','CLI','ColemanLiauIndex','GFI','GunningFogIndex','SMOG')]

    [String] $Type = 'FleschKincaidGradeLevel'

  )

  Process {

    $Sentences = ($Text -split '(?<=\w)\.') |

      ForEach-Object { $_.Trim() } |

      Where-Object { $_.Length -gt 0 }

    $Words = @()

    foreach ($Sentence in $Sentences) {

      $Words += $Sentence -split '\s+'

    }

    $Syllables = @()

    foreach ($Word in $Words) {

      $Syllables += (Get-SyllableCount $Word)

    }

    $Result = switch ($Type) {

      { $_ -in 'ARI','AutomatedReadabilityIndex' } {

        '==> Measuring readability with Automated Readability Index' | Write-Verbose

        $LetterCount = ($Text | Measure-Object -Character -IgnoreWhiteSpace).Characters

        "==> # of Sentences: $($Sentences.Count)" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Words: $($Words.Count)" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Letters: ${LetterCount}" | Write-Verbose

        (4.71 * ($LetterCount / $Words.Count)) + (0.5 * ($Words.Count / $Sentences.Count)) - 21.43

      }

      { $_ -in 'CLI','ColemanLiauIndex' } {

        '==> Measuring readability with Coleman-Liau Index' | Write-Verbose

        $LetterCount = ($Text | Measure-Object -Character -IgnoreWhiteSpace).Characters

        $L = 100 * ($LetterCount / $Words.Count)

        $S = 100 * ($Sentences.Count / $Words.Count)

        "==> L: ${L}" | Write-Verbose

        "==> S: ${S}" | Write-Verbose

        (0.0588 * $L) - (0.296 * $S) - 15.8

      }

      { $_ -in 'GFI','GunningFogIndex' } {

        '==> Measuring readability with Gunning Fog Index' | Write-Verbose

        $TotalWords = $Words.Count

        $ComplexWords = ($Syllables | Where-Object { $_ -ge 3 }).Count

        "==> # of Sentences: $($Sentences.Count)" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Words: ${TotalWords}" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Complex Words: ${ComplexWords}" | Write-Verbose

        0.4 * (($TotalWords / $Sentences.Count) + (100 * ($ComplexWords / $TotalWords)))

      }

      'SMOG' {

        if ($Sentences.Count -lt 30) {

          '==> SMOG readability test is not accurate with less than 30 sentences' | Write-Warning

        }

        '==> Measuring readability with SMOG' | Write-Verbose

        $ComplexWords = ($Syllables | Where-Object { $_ -ge 3 }).Count

        "==> # of Sentences: $($Sentences.Count)" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Complex Words: ${ComplexWords}" | Write-Verbose

        (1.043 * [Math]::Sqrt($ComplexWords * (30 / $Sentences.Count))) + 3.1291

      }

      Default { # Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level

        '==> Measuring readability with Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level' | Write-Verbose

        $TotalWords = $Words.Count

        $TotalSyllables = Get-Sum $Syllables

        "==> # of Sentences: $($Sentences.Count)" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Words: ${TotalWords}" | Write-Verbose

        "==> # of Syllables: ${TotalSyllables}" | Write-Verbose

        (0.39 * ($TotalWords / $Sentences.Count)) + (11.8 * ($TotalSyllables / $TotalWords)) - 15.59

      }

    }

    [Math]::Round($Result, 1)

  }

}